arXiv:2509.20409cs.LOcs.AI2025-09

揭示符号接地的逻辑极限,说明意义无法仅靠系统内规则生成。

A Unified Formal Theory on the Logical Limits of Symbol Grounding

  • 区分内在意义与外部指称,指出符号需通过外部动态过程接地
  • 证明任何固定系统都无法自洽定义所有真理的可接地性
  • 强调具身交互是唯一可能的接地方式,算法无法模拟

本文通过一系列形式化证明构建了一个关于符号接地问题逻辑极限的统一理论。我们区分了内在意义(sense)——形式系统可通过公理拥有——与外部接地(reference)——符号与世界连接的必要条件。通过四阶段论证,我们表明:形式系统内的有意义接地必须源于外部、动态且非固定的算法过程。首先,纯符号系统中接地不可能是其定义的直接结果;其次,该限制扩展至任何有限静态预设意义(语义公理)的系统;通过哥德尔式论证,我们证明基于计算主义假设(将接地等同于内部推导)的系统无法一致且完整地定义“可接地性谓词”;第三,新意义的“接地行为”不能由内部规则推导,而需要元层级的公理更新;结合图灵的预言机概念和Piccinini对数学质疑的分析,我们将此更新识别为物理转换;最后,我们证明该过程无法被固定判断算法模拟,从而验证了具身交互的逻辑必要性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper synthesizes a series of formal proofs to construct a unified theory on the logical limits of the Symbol Grounding Problem. We distinguish between internal meaning (sense), which formal systems can possess via axioms, and external grounding (reference), which is a necessary condition for connecting symbols to the world. We demonstrate through a four-stage argument that meaningful grounding within a formal system must arise from a process that is external, dynamic, and non-fixed algorithmic. First, we show that for a purely symbolic system, the impossibility of grounding is a direct consequence of its definition. Second, we extend this limitation to systems with any finite, static set of pre-established meanings (Semantic Axioms). By formally modeling the computationalist hypothesis-which equates grounding with internal derivation-we prove via Gödelian arguments that such systems cannot consistently and completely define a "groundability predicate" for all truths. Third, we demonstrate that the "grounding act" for emergent meanings cannot be inferred from internal rules but requires an axiomatic, meta-level update. Drawing on Turing's concept of Oracle Machines and Piccinini's analysis of the mathematical objection, we identify this update as physical transduction. Finally, we prove that this process cannot be simulated by a fixed judgment algorithm, validating the logical necessity of embodied interaction.

符号接地形式理论具身智能逻辑极限

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