用公理化框架系统评估决策的合理性与透明度
Axiomatic Choice
- 基于决策公理构建形式化评价体系
- 揭示现有方法在解释与欺骗性上的局限
- 适用于伦理决策、算法透明性研究者
人们既关注决策结果，也关心决策过程本身，无论是在做决定还是事后反思时。然而，如何形式化表达驱动决策的各类规范性诉求仍是开放挑战。本文提出Axiomatic Choice框架，基于对决策的正式规范性陈述（即公理）来做出并评估决策。这些公理涵盖广泛的价值诉求，如伦理约束，超越传统社会选择理论的范畴。通过构建公理与决策的模型，我们定义了关键性质，并提出公理分类法，具有普遍意义。进而利用这些性质和分类法，我们形式化了决策评价悖论，明确了解释与正当化决策中的透明性与欺骗概念，并揭示了现有基于公理的决策方法的局限。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
People care about decision outcomes and how decisions get made, both when making decisions and reflecting on decisions. But formalizing the full range of normative concerns that drive decisions is an open challenge. We introduce Axiomatic Choice as a framework for making and evaluating decisions based on formal normative statements about decisions. These statements, or axioms, capture a wide array of desiderata, e.g., ethical constraints, beyond the typical treatment in Social Choice. Using our model of axioms and decisions we define key properties and introduce a taxonomy of axioms which may be of general interest. We then use these properties and our taxonomy to define the Decision-Evaluation Paradox, formalize the concepts of transparency and deception in explaining and justifying decisions, and reveal the limits of existing methods using axioms to make decisions.
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