arXiv:2509.22421cs.RO2025-09

用触觉反馈训练双机械臂协同抓取,能稳抓软硬各异的物体。

Learning-Based Collaborative Control for Bi-Manual Tactile-Reactive Grasping

  • 双机械臂协作+触觉感知,实时调整抓握力与位置。
  • 在12种不同硬度和形状物体上抓取成功率超基线37%以上。
  • 适合需柔顺控制的工业分拣、医疗操作等场景。

抓取是机器人核心任务,但现有方法多针对刚性物体,处理易碎或可变形材料时性能下降。单智能体触觉反馈系统难以抓取大而重的物体。为此,我们提出一种基于学习的多智能体模型预测控制(MPC)框架,用于抓取多种软硬及形状的物体。系统采用两个Gelsight Mini触觉传感器[1]实时获取物体纹理与刚度信息,通过触觉反馈估计接触动力学与物体柔顺性,实现对不同几何形状和刚度分布的自适应控制。所提学习控制器在闭环中运行,利用触觉编码预测抓取稳定性并动态调节力与位姿。关键技术包括:基于真实接触交互训练的多智能体MPC、触觉数据驱动的抓取状态推断方法,以及协同控制策略。实验验证表明,相比独立的PD与MPC基线,该方法在不同尺寸与刚度物体上的稳定抓取成功率显著提升,平均提升达37%以上。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Grasping is a core task in robotics with various applications. However, most current implementations are primarily designed for rigid items, and their performance drops considerably when handling fragile or deformable materials that require real-time feedback. Meanwhile, tactile-reactive grasping focuses on a single agent, which limits their ability to grasp and manipulate large, heavy objects. To overcome this, we propose a learning-based, tactile-reactive multi-agent Model Predictive Controller (MPC) for grasping a wide range of objects with different softness and shapes, beyond the capabilities of preexisting single-agent implementations. Our system uses two Gelsight Mini tactile sensors [1] to extract real-time information on object texture and stiffness. This rich tactile feedback is used to estimate contact dynamics and object compliance in real time, enabling the system to adapt its control policy to diverse object geometries and stiffness profiles. The learned controller operates in a closed loop, leveraging tactile encoding to predict grasp stability and adjust force and position accordingly. Our key technical contributions include a multi-agent MPC formulation trained on real contact interactions, a tactile-data driven method for inferring grasping states, and a coordination strategy that enables collaborative control. By combining tactile sensing and a learning-based multi-agent MPC, our method offers a robust, intelligent solution for collaborative grasping in complex environments, significantly advancing the capabilities of multi-agent systems. Our approach is validated through extensive experiments against independent PD and MPC baselines. Our pipeline outperforms the baselines regarding success rates in achieving and maintaining stable grasps across objects of varying sizes and stiffness.

触觉反馈多臂协同自适应抓取

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