arXiv:2509.23082cs.CV2025-09被引 21

用偏好对齐提升图像修复质量,无需改模型也能显著优化效果。

Follow-Your-Preference: Towards Preference-Aligned Image Inpainting

  • 用公开奖励模型构建偏好数据,通过直接偏好优化实现对齐训练。
  • 多模型实验显示偏好数据在不同规模下均具稳定趋势,效果优于基线。
  • 集成多个有偏的奖励模型可有效缓解偏差,提升结果通用性与鲁棒性。

本文研究基于偏好对齐的图像修复问题。不引入新方法,而是回归基础,重新审视实现对齐的关键挑战。采用主流的直接偏好优化(DPO)进行对齐训练,并利用公开奖励模型构建偏好训练数据集。在九个奖励模型、两个基准数据集和两种结构不同的基线模型上开展实验。关键发现:(1) 多数奖励模型能生成有效评分,即使部分不可靠;(2) 偏好数据在候选样本扩增与数据量扩增下均表现出稳健趋势;(3) 奖励模型在亮度、构图和色彩上存在明显偏差,易引发奖励欺骗;(4) 简单集成多个模型可有效缓解偏差,获得鲁棒且泛化能力强的结果。基于此,所提出的对齐模型在标准指标、GPT-4评估和人工评价中均显著优于先前模型,且未改动模型结构或使用新数据集。希望本工作能为该前沿方向提供简洁而坚实的基线。代码已开源:https://github.com/shenytzzz/Follow-Your-Preference。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper investigates image inpainting with preference alignment. Instead of introducing a novel method, we go back to basics and revisit fundamental problems in achieving such alignment. We leverage the prominent direct preference optimization approach for alignment training and employ public reward models to construct preference training datasets. Experiments are conducted across nine reward models, two benchmarks, and two baseline models with varying structures and generative algorithms. Our key findings are as follows: (1) Most reward models deliver valid reward scores for constructing preference data, even if some of them are not reliable evaluators. (2) Preference data demonstrates robust trends in both candidate scaling and sample scaling across models and benchmarks. (3) Observable biases in reward models, particularly in brightness, composition, and color scheme, render them susceptible to cause reward hacking. (4) A simple ensemble of these models yields robust and generalizable results by mitigating such biases. Built upon these observations, our alignment models significantly outperform prior models across standard metrics, GPT-4 assessments, and human evaluations, without any changes to model structures or the use of new datasets. We hope our work can set a simple yet solid baseline, pushing this promising frontier. Our code is open-sourced at: https://github.com/shenytzzz/Follow-Your-Preference.

图像修复偏好对齐奖励模型DPO

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