arXiv:2509.23434cs.HCcs.AI2025-09被引 6

用AI模拟自闭症沟通方式,帮助神经典型人理解差异。

NeuroBridge: Using Generative AI to Bridge Cross-neurotype Communication Differences through Neurotypical Perspective-taking

  • 用大模型构建自闭症风格角色与神经典型用户互动
  • 12名参与者均提升对自闭症语言理解差异的认知
  • 适合教育、心理及无障碍设计领域从业者使用

自闭症与神经典型个体之间的沟通障碍源于彼此对不同甚至对立沟通风格的缺乏理解。然而,自闭症个体常被要求适应神经典型规范,导致互动不真实且心理负担重。为此,我们构建了NeuroBridge平台,利用大语言模型(LLMs)模拟:(a) 一种直接、字面化的沟通风格(常见于许多自闭症个体),以及 (b) 四种跨神经类型沟通场景,通过反馈驱动对话实现互动。该平台使神经典型用户亲身体验自闭症沟通方式,并反思自身在跨神经类型互动中的角色。12名神经典型参与者的用户研究显示,经过模拟后,所有参与者均表示理解自闭症个体对语言的不同解读方式,认为自闭症是需要他人理解的社会差异。参与者高度评价其个性化、互动性强的体验,称AI反馈‘建设性’‘逻辑清晰’且‘无评判’。多数人认为模拟中的自闭症呈现准确,提示用户可能容易接受AI生成的(非)残疾形象。最后,我们讨论了人工智能中残障表征的设计启示、个性化改进需求,以及大模型在复杂社会情境建模上的局限。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Communication challenges between autistic and neurotypical individuals stem from a mutual lack of understanding of each other's distinct, and often contrasting, communication styles. Yet, autistic individuals are expected to adapt to neurotypical norms, making interactions inauthentic and mentally exhausting for them. To help redress this imbalance, we build NeuroBridge, an online platform that utilizes large language models (LLMs) to simulate: (a) an AI character that is direct and literal, a style common among many autistic individuals, and (b) four cross-neurotype communication scenarios in a feedback-driven conversation between this character and a neurotypical user. Through NeuroBridge, neurotypical individuals gain a firsthand look at autistic communication, and reflect on their role in shaping cross-neurotype interactions. In a user study with 12 neurotypical participants, we find that NeuroBridge improved their understanding of how autistic people may interpret language differently, with all describing autism as a social difference that "needs understanding by others" after completing the simulation. Participants valued its personalized, interactive format and described AI-generated feedback as "constructive", "logical" and "non-judgmental". Most perceived the portrayal of autism in the simulation as accurate, suggesting that users may readily accept AI-generated (mis)representations of disabilities. To conclude, we discuss design implications for disability representation in AI, the need for making NeuroBridge more personalized, and LLMs' limitations in modeling complex social scenarios.

AI辅助自闭症沟通模拟伦理设计

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