arXiv:2509.23631cs.LG2025-09中稿 · publication in Pat…被引 1

提出无泄漏评估与鲁棒图学习框架,提升稀疏传感数据的连续场重建精度。

Leakage-Free Evaluation and Distribution-Robust Spatio-Temporal Graph Learning for Inductive Kriging

  • 设计3×3时空分区实现无泄漏评估,分离训练、验证与测试域
  • 在6个数据集上将MAE降低最高12.48%,测试与验证误差比更优
  • 适合关注真实场景泛化能力的时空建模研究者

归纳式克里金法从稀疏传感器数据中估计未观测位置的值,可在无法密集部署时实现连续场重建。然而,常见的2×2和2×3评估协议会因模型选择泄露空间信息,掩盖真实分布外(OOD)表现。本文提出无泄漏的3×3划分策略,将训练、验证与测试在时空维度上完全分离,确保模型拟合、检查点选择与最终报告均在独立域上进行。在此严格设置下,提出DRIK(分布鲁棒归纳克里金)框架,包含三种任务特异性机制:空间连续性正则化(SCR)通过扰动坐标减少对离散图的依赖;掩码流消歧(MFD)剔除零填充掩码节点带来的模糊传播;结构域扩展(SDE)利用验证节点拓扑(无标签)缓解训练-推理结构不匹配。在六个时空数据集上的实验表明,DRIK持续优于现有基线,最大降低MAE达12.48%,且测试-验证MAE比更低。结果表明,稳健的归纳克里金需兼顾无泄漏评估与显式应对未知节点引入的结构偏移。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Inductive kriging estimates values at unobserved locations from sparse sensor data, enabling continuous field reconstruction when dense deployment is impractical. However, common 2 x 2 and 2 x 3 evaluation protocols can leak spatial information through model selection and obscure true out-of-distribution (OOD) behavior. We propose a leakage-free 3 x 3 partition that separates training, validation, and testing in both space and time, so that model fitting, checkpoint selection, and final reporting are performed on distinct spatio-temporal domains. Under this stricter setting, we introduce DRIK (Distribution-Robust Inductive Kriging), a framework with three task-specific mechanisms: Spatial Continuity Regularization (SCR) perturbs coordinates to reduce dependence on one discretized graph; Masked Flow Disambiguation (MFD) prunes ambiguous propagation from zero-padded masked nodes; and Structural Domain Expansion (SDE) uses validation-node topology without labels to reduce train-inference structural mismatch. Experiments on six spatio-temporal datasets show that DRIK consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, reducing MAE by up to 12.48% and achieving lower test-to-validation MAE ratios under leakage-free evaluation. These results indicate that robust inductive kriging requires both leakage-free evaluation and mechanisms that explicitly address the structural shifts introduced by unseen nodes.

时空建模克里金法无泄漏评估图神经网络

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