arXiv:2509.23975eess.SYcs.LG2025-09被引 2

用神经算子替代方程,实现无模型分布式系统高效控制。

Equation-Free Coarse Control of Distributed Parameter Systems via Local Neural Operators

  • 用局部神经算子学习短时解映射,替代传统微分方程求解。
  • 在Liouville-Bratu PDE上稳定不稳平衡态,误差可控。
  • 适合缺乏方程但有数据的复杂系统控制,如流体、材料建模。

高维分布参数系统(DPS)的控制在缺乏显式粗粒度方程时仍具挑战。经典无方程(EF)方法依赖将细尺度模拟器视为黑箱时间推进器,但重复模拟以计算稳态、线性化和控制器设计常导致计算成本过高,或微观时间推进器不可用,仅剩数据可资利用。本文提出一种数据驱动替代方案:使用基于时空微观/介观数据训练的局部神经算子,获得高效的短时解算子。这些代理模型用于克雷洛夫子空间方法中,计算粗粒度稳定与不稳定稳态,并以无矩阵方式提供雅可比信息。克雷洛夫-阿诺尔迪迭代近似主导特征谱,生成捕捉开环慢动态的降阶模型,无需显式组装雅可比矩阵。基于该降阶系统的离散时间线性二次调节器(dLQR)与极点配置(PP)控制器被构建并提升回全非线性动力学,从而闭合反馈回路。框架在Liouville-Bratu PDE的不稳定稳态稳定任务中验证,学习代理与真实系统表现一致,且在模型-实际失配下性能退化可量化。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The control of high-dimensional distributed parameter systems (DPS) remains a challenge when explicit coarse-grained equations are unavailable. Classical equation-free (EF) approaches rely on fine-scale simulators treated as black-box timesteppers. However, repeated simulations for steady-state computation, linearization, and control design are often computationally prohibitive, or the microscopic timestepper may not even be available, leaving us with data as the only resource. We propose a data-driven alternative that uses local neural operators, trained on spatiotemporal microscopic/mesoscopic data, to obtain efficient short-time solution operators. These surrogates are employed within Krylov subspace methods to compute coarse stable and unstable steady states, while also providing Jacobian information in a matrix-free manner. Krylov-Arnoldi iterations then approximate the dominant eigenspectrum, yielding reduced models that capture the open-loop slow dynamics without explicit Jacobian assembly. Both discrete-time Linear Quadratic Regulator (dLQR) and pole-placement (PP) controllers are based on this reduced system and lifted back to the full nonlinear dynamics, thereby closing the feedback loop. The framework is validated by stabilizing an unstable steady-state of the Liouville-Bratu PDE, demonstrating consistent performance between the learned surrogate and the true system, with quantified degradation under plant-model mismatch.

控制理论神经算子数据驱动

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