arXiv:2509.24273cs.CVcs.LG2025-09

用骨架结构提升损坏点云的配准精度,抗噪抗形变。

Skeleton-based Robust Registration Framework for Corrupted 3D Point Clouds

  • 基于点云骨架构建鲁棒表示,融合全局结构与局部特征。
  • 在多种损坏场景下,配准误差显著低于现有方法。
  • 适合自动驾驶、机器人等真实环境中的3D感知任务。

点云配准是自动驾驶、机器人和医学成像等3D视觉应用的基础,精确对齐多组点云对环境重建至关重要。然而,真实场景中的点云常受传感器限制、环境噪声和预处理误差影响,导致密度畸变、噪声污染和几何变形,使配准困难。现有方法依赖直接点匹配或表面特征提取,对这些退化高度敏感,导致精度下降。为此,本文提出一种基于骨架的鲁棒配准框架(SRRF),引入抗退化的骨架表示,将骨架结构融入配准过程,结合原始点云与骨架的变换结果,实现最优对齐。同时设计分布距离损失函数,强制源与目标骨架的一致性,显著提升性能。该框架兼顾局部几何特征与全局骨架稳定性,实验在多种损坏数据集上表明,SRRF在密度畸变、噪声污染和几何变形等多种场景下均优于当前主流方法,验证了其在真实场景中处理损坏点云的鲁棒性,具有实际应用潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Point cloud registration is fundamental in 3D vision applications, including autonomous driving, robotics, and medical imaging, where precise alignment of multiple point clouds is essential for accurate environment reconstruction. However, real-world point clouds are often affected by sensor limitations, environmental noise, and preprocessing errors, making registration challenging due to density distortions, noise contamination, and geometric deformations. Existing registration methods rely on direct point matching or surface feature extraction, which are highly susceptible to these corruptions and lead to reduced alignment accuracy. To address these challenges, a skeleton-based robust registration framework is presented, which introduces a corruption-resilient skeletal representation to improve registration robustness and accuracy. The framework integrates skeletal structures into the registration process and combines the transformations obtained from both the corrupted point cloud alignment and its skeleton alignment to achieve optimal registration. In addition, a distribution distance loss function is designed to enforce the consistency between the source and target skeletons, which significantly improves the registration performance. This framework ensures that the alignment considers both the original local geometric features and the global stability of the skeleton structure, resulting in robust and accurate registration results. Experimental evaluations on diverse corrupted datasets demonstrate that SRRF consistently outperforms state-of-the-art registration methods across various corruption scenarios, including density distortions, noise contamination, and geometric deformations. The results confirm the robustness of SRRF in handling corrupted point clouds, making it a potential approach for 3D perception tasks in real-world scenarios.

点云配准鲁棒性骨架表示3D感知

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