arXiv:2509.25919cs.DCcs.AI2025-09

用预存问答对加速大模型推理,降低延迟与成本。

Accelerating LLM Inference with Precomputed Query Storage

  • 预先生成并存储可预测的问答对,匹配时直接返回
  • 生成15万条唯一问答对,最高降低17.3%延迟
  • 适合查询模式固定的边缘部署场景

大语言模型(LLM)推理在资源受限环境(如设备端或边缘部署)中常面临高延迟问题。为此,我们提出StorInfer——一种基于存储的新型推理系统,通过离线预计算并存储可预测的查询-响应对,当用户查询与预存内容语义匹配时,直接返回存储结果,跳过昂贵的GPU推理,显著降低延迟和计算开销。为最大化覆盖率与效果,StorInfer采用大模型驱动的生成器,基于知识库自适应生成多样且去重的查询,结合自适应查询掩码(防止重复生成)与自适应采样(动态调整参数以提升语义多样性)。生成的问答对经嵌入后使用磁盘后端向量数据库索引,支持运行时快速相似性检索。实验生成15万条唯一预存对(最多占用830MB存储空间),在多个QA数据集上实现最高17.3%的延迟降低,且无响应质量损失。评估表明,该方法在查询分布可预测场景下具有实用性与可扩展性,凸显了以存储为主导的高效低延迟部署新方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large language model (LLM) inference often suffers from high latency, particularly in resource-constrained environments such as on-device or edge deployments. To address this challenge, we present StorInfer, a novel storage-assisted LLM inference system that accelerates response time by precomputing and storing predictable query-response pairs offline. When a user query semantically matches a precomputed query, StorInfer bypasses expensive GPU inference and instantly returns the stored response, significantly reducing latency and compute costs. To maximize coverage and effectiveness, StorInfer employs an LLM-driven generator that adaptively produces diverse and deduplicated queries based on a given knowledge base. This is achieved via two techniques: adaptive query masking, which prevents regeneration of similar queries, and adaptive sampling, which dynamically tunes generation parameters to promote semantic diversity. The resulting query-response pairs are embedded and indexed using a disk-backed vector database to enable fast, similarity-based retrieval at runtime. Using this approach, we generated 150K unique precomputed pairs (taking up to 830 MB of storage space), achieving up to 17.3% latency reduction with no loss in response quality. Our evaluation across multiple QA datasets demonstrates the practicality and scalability of storage-assisted inference, especially in scenarios with predictable query distributions. StorInfer highlights a promising direction in leveraging storage as a primary enabler for efficient, low-latency LLM deployment.

大模型推理存储加速边缘计算

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