首个融合针孔与鱼眼相机的深度估计框架,提升多视角重建精度。
PFDepth: Heterogeneous Pinhole-Fisheye Joint Depth Estimation via Distortion-aware Gaussian-Splatted Volumetric Fusion
- 统一架构处理不同相机组合,显式将2D特征升维至3D空间
- 通过畸变感知的体积融合,实现重叠与非重叠区域有效信息整合
- 用可学习高斯球替代传统体素,动态适应纹理细节,适合自动驾驶场景
本文提出首个针对异构针孔-鱼眼多视角深度估计的框架PFDepth。核心思路是利用针孔图像(无畸变、视场小、远距离)与鱼眼图像(有畸变、视场大、近距离)的互补特性进行联合优化。PFDepth采用统一架构,可处理任意组合的针孔与鱼眼相机,具备不同的内参与外参。首先,将各视角的2D特征显式投影到统一的3D体积空间;随后,设计异构空间融合模块,在重叠与非重叠区域处理并融合畸变感知的体积特征。此外,创新性地将传统体素融合重构为新型3D高斯表示,其中可学习的潜在高斯球能根据局部图像纹理动态调整,实现更精细的3D聚合。最终,融合后的体积特征被渲染为多视角深度图。大量实验表明,PFDepth在KITTI-360和RealHet数据集上均超越当前主流深度网络,达到最先进性能。据我们所知,这是首个系统研究异构针孔-鱼眼深度估计的工作,兼具技术新颖性与实用价值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this paper, we present the first pinhole-fisheye framework for heterogeneous multi-view depth estimation, PFDepth. Our key insight is to exploit the complementary characteristics of pinhole and fisheye imagery (undistorted vs. distorted, small vs. large FOV, far vs. near field) for joint optimization. PFDepth employs a unified architecture capable of processing arbitrary combinations of pinhole and fisheye cameras with varied intrinsics and extrinsics. Within PFDepth, we first explicitly lift 2D features from each heterogeneous view into a canonical 3D volumetric space. Then, a core module termed Heterogeneous Spatial Fusion is designed to process and fuse distortion-aware volumetric features across overlapping and non-overlapping regions. Additionally, we subtly reformulate the conventional voxel fusion into a novel 3D Gaussian representation, in which learnable latent Gaussian spheres dynamically adapt to local image textures for finer 3D aggregation. Finally, fused volume features are rendered into multi-view depth maps. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that PFDepth sets a state-of-the-art performance on KITTI-360 and RealHet datasets over current mainstream depth networks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study of heterogeneous pinhole-fisheye depth estimation, offering both technical novelty and valuable empirical insights.
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