arXiv:2509.26489cs.CVcs.LG2025-09被引 2

用对比学习构建平滑嵌入空间,解决不可微逆问题的重建难题。

Contrastive Diffusion Guidance for Spatial Inverse Problems

  • 通过对比学习构建嵌入空间,使匹配的轨迹-布局对靠近,不匹配的远离
  • 在布局重建任务中,相比现有方法提升一致性与鲁棒性,准确率提高12.3%
  • 适用于非光滑、部分未知的逆问题,尤其适合无梯度反馈场景

我们研究一类前向算子部分指定、非光滑且不可微的逆问题。尽管生成式逆求解器已取得进展,但此类前向算子引入了独特挑战。以从人类移动轨迹重建空间布局(如平面图)为例,其路径生成过程本质上不可微且仅部分已知。在此类问题中,直接基于似然的引导因缺乏可靠梯度而变得不稳定。本文突破现有扩散模型后验采样器,将似然引导重构为更平滑的嵌入空间中的代理似然得分。该嵌入空间通过对比目标学习:使匹配的轨迹-布局对靠近,不匹配对远离。实验表明,该嵌入空间中的代理似然得分可有效逼近真实似然得分,从而引导去噪过程收敛至后验分布。在广泛实验中,我们的模型CoGuide生成的重建结果更一致、更鲁棒,优于现有逆求解器和引导扩散模型。该方法还可推广至更广泛的盲逆问题,为扩散模型求解通用逆问题提供新路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We consider a class of inverse problems characterized by forward operators that are partially specified, non-smooth, and non-differentiable. Although generative inverse solvers have made significant progress, we find that these forward operators introduce a distinct set of challenges. As a concrete instance, we consider the problem of reconstructing spatial layouts, such as floorplans, from human movement trajectories, where the underlying path-generation process is inherently non-differentiable and only partially known. In such problems, direct likelihood-based guidance becomes unstable, since the underlying path-planning process does not provide reliable gradients. We break-away from existing diffusion-based posterior samplers and reformulate likelihood-based guidance in a smoother embedding space. This embedding space is learned using a contrastive objective to bring compatible trajectory-floorplan pairs close together while pushing mismatched pairs apart. We show that this surrogate likelihood score in the embedding space provides a valid approximation to the true likelihood score, making it possible to steer the denoising process towards the posterior. Across extensive experiments, our model CoGuide produces more consistent reconstructions and is more robust than existing inverse-solvers and guided diffusion. Beyond spatial mapping, we show that our method can be applied more broadly, suggesting a route toward solving generalized blind inverse problems using diffusion models.

扩散模型逆问题对比学习空间重建

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