实现任意方向全景深度估计,零样本泛化能力强且效率高。
DA$^{2}$: Depth Anything in Any Direction
- 基于球坐标设计新网络结构SphereViT,缓解全景图畸变问题。
- 构建超54万张全景图像-深度对数据集,总量达近60万。
- 端到端架构超越已有方法,在零样本场景下性能提升38%。
全景图具有完整的视场(360°×180°),比透视图像提供更全面的视觉描述。得益于这一特性,全景深度估计在三维视觉中日益受到关注。然而,由于全景数据稀缺,以往方法多局限于域内设置,导致零样本泛化能力差。此外,由于全景图固有的球面畸变,许多方法依赖透视分割(如立方体贴图),效率较低。为此,我们提出DA²:任意方向的深度一切,一种准确、零样本可泛化且全端到端的全景深度估计器。为扩展全景数据,我们引入数据清洗引擎,从透视图像生成高质量全景深度数据,创建约54.3万对全景RGB-深度图像,使总量达约60.7万。为缓解球面畸变,我们提出SphereViT,显式利用球坐标强制全景图像特征的球面几何一致性,显著提升性能。在多个数据集上的综合评测表明,DA²在绝对相对误差(AbsRel)上较最强零样本基线平均提升38%,甚至超越先前域内方法,凸显其卓越的零样本泛化能力。此外,作为端到端方案,DA²相比融合型方法效率更高。代码与清理后的全景数据已公开。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Panorama has a full FoV (360$^\circ\times$180$^\circ$), offering a more complete visual description than perspective images. Thanks to this characteristic, panoramic depth estimation is gaining increasing traction in 3D vision. However, due to the scarcity of panoramic data, previous methods are often restricted to in-domain settings, leading to poor zero-shot generalization. Furthermore, due to the spherical distortions inherent in panoramas, many approaches rely on perspective splitting (e.g., cubemaps), which leads to suboptimal efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose $\textbf{DA}$$^{\textbf{2}}$: $\textbf{D}$epth $\textbf{A}$nything in $\textbf{A}$ny $\textbf{D}$irection, an accurate, zero-shot generalizable, and fully end-to-end panoramic depth estimator. Specifically, for scaling up panoramic data, we introduce a data curation engine for generating high-quality panoramic depth data from perspective, and create $\sim$543K panoramic RGB-depth pairs, bringing the total to $\sim$607K. To further mitigate the spherical distortions, we present SphereViT, which explicitly leverages spherical coordinates to enforce the spherical geometric consistency in panoramic image features, yielding improved performance. A comprehensive benchmark on multiple datasets clearly demonstrates DA$^{2}$'s SoTA performance, with an average 38% improvement on AbsRel over the strongest zero-shot baseline. Surprisingly, DA$^{2}$ even outperforms prior in-domain methods, highlighting its superior zero-shot generalization. Moreover, as an end-to-end solution, DA$^{2}$ exhibits much higher efficiency over fusion-based approaches. Both the code and the curated panoramic data has be released. Project page: https://depth-any-in-any-dir.github.io/.
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