真实道路中与自动驾驶出租车互动后，行人信任感显著提升。
The Formation of Trust in Autonomous Vehicles after Interacting with Robotaxis on Public Roads
- 在真实城市路口反复与自动驾驶出租车互动，观察行人行为变化。
- 33名参与者信任度明显上升，与互动态度和错误感知相关。
- 结果揭示了真实场景下信任形成的机制，适合交通政策制定者参考。
本研究探讨了行人在自然环境下的城市无控制路口与四级自动驾驶车辆（AV）互动时，信任、接受度及行为的变化。现有研究多依赖简化模拟或有限实地测试，而本研究在商业自动驾驶出租车运营区开展真实实验，33名参与者多次穿越有频繁四级自动驾驶出租车通行的路口。参与者完成行人行为问卷（PBQ）、全自动驾驶接受度问卷（PRQF）、前后测自动驾驶信任量表及个人创新性量表（PIS）。结果显示，实验后自动驾驶信任显著提升，且与PRQF中的互动分量正相关；同时，PBQ中的积极与错误子量表均显著影响信任变化。研究揭示了真实场景中信任形成机制，弥补了实验室研究的局限，并考虑了人群异质性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This study investigates how pedestrian trust, receptivity, and behavior evolve during interactions with Level-4 autonomous vehicles (AVs) at uncontrolled urban intersections in a naturalistic setting. While public acceptance is critical for AV adoption, most prior studies relied on simplified simulations or field tests. We conducted a real-world experiment in a commercial Robotaxi operation zone, where 33 participants repeatedly crossed an uncontrolled intersection with frequent Level-4 Robotaxi traffic. Participants completed the Pedestrian Behavior Questionnaire (PBQ), Pedestrian Receptivity Questionnaire for Fully AVs (PRQF), pre- and post-experiment Trust in AVs Scale, and Personal Innovativeness Scale (PIS). Results showed that trust in AVs significantly increased post-experiment, with the increase positively associated with the Interaction component of PRQF. Additionally, both the Positive and Error subscales of the PBQ significantly influenced trust change. This study reveals how trust forms in real-world pedestrian-AV encounters, offering insights beyond lab-based research by accounting for population heterogeneity.
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