arXiv:2510.01136cs.LGcs.AI2025-10被引 4

用神经函数建模表格数据,实现高精度、自适应的缺失值填补。

TabINR: An Implicit Neural Representation Framework for Tabular Data Imputation

  • 将表格转为可学习的神经函数,通过可训练的行与特征嵌入捕捉离散结构。
  • 在12个真实数据集上表现优异,尤其在高维数据上显著超越传统与深度学习方法。
  • 无需重训练即可自适应不同样本,适合需要快速推理和泛化能力的场景。

表格数据是众多应用的基础,但真实数据常因采集错误、隐私限制或传感器故障而缺失。缺失值会降低下游模型性能或阻碍其应用,而简单的填补策略往往引入偏差或扭曲数据分布。因此,亟需高质量、对数据规模鲁棒且推理快速的填补方法。本文提出基于自编码器的隐式神经表示(TabINR)框架,将表格建模为神经函数。受通用隐式神经表示启发,引入可学习的行嵌入与特征嵌入,有效处理表格的离散结构,并能从部分观测中推断,实现无需重训练的实例自适应填补。我们在12个真实数据集及多种缺失机制下评估,结果表明其填补精度持续领先,多数情况下匹配或优于经典方法(KNN、MICE、MissForest)和深度学习模型(GAIN、ReMasker),尤其在高维数据上优势明显。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tabular data builds the basis for a wide range of applications, yet real-world datasets are frequently incomplete due to collection errors, privacy restrictions, or sensor failures. As missing values degrade the performance or hinder the applicability of downstream models, and while simple imputing strategies tend to introduce bias or distort the underlying data distribution, we require imputers that provide high-quality imputations, are robust across dataset sizes and yield fast inference. We therefore introduce TabINR, an auto-decoder based Implicit Neural Representation (INR) framework that models tables as neural functions. Building on recent advances in generalizable INRs, we introduce learnable row and feature embeddings that effectively deal with the discrete structure of tabular data and can be inferred from partial observations, enabling instance adaptive imputations without modifying the trained model. We evaluate our framework across a diverse range of twelve real-world datasets and multiple missingness mechanisms, demonstrating consistently strong imputation accuracy, mostly matching or outperforming classical (KNN, MICE, MissForest) and deep learning based models (GAIN, ReMasker), with the clearest gains on high-dimensional datasets.

数据填补隐式神经表示表格数据自适应推理

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