用大模型把杂乱安全日志变成结构化知识图谱,精准关联攻击行为与战术。
OntoLogX: Ontology-Guided Knowledge Graph Extraction from Cybersecurity Logs with Large Language Models
- 结合轻量本体与检索增强生成,自动构建语法语义正确的知识图谱。
- 在真实蜜罐数据上实现92%的攻击战术识别准确率,显著提升召回与精确度。
- 适合网络安全分析、威胁情报自动化团队快速提取可行动情报。
系统日志是网络威胁情报(CTI)的重要来源,记录了攻击者行为、利用漏洞及恶意活动痕迹。然而其价值常受限于缺乏结构、语义不一致以及跨设备和会话的碎片化问题。从日志中提取可操作的CTI需要能将嘈杂、异构的数据整合为连贯且可互操作的表示。我们提出OntoLogX,一个基于大语言模型(LLM)的自主人工智能代理,可将原始日志转化为基于本体的知识图谱(KG)。OntoLogX融合轻量日志本体、检索增强生成(RAG)与迭代纠错机制,确保生成的KG在语法和语义上均有效。除事件级分析外,系统还将知识图谱聚合为会话,并利用LLM预测MITRE ATT&CK战术,将底层日志证据与高层攻击目标关联。我们在公开基准数据集和真实蜜罐数据集上评估OntoLogX,验证其在多种知识图谱后端上的鲁棒性,以及对攻击活动到ATT&CK战术的高精度映射能力。结果表明,检索与纠错显著提升精确度与召回率,代码导向模型在结构化日志分析中表现优异,基于本体的表示对可行动威胁情报提取具有关键价值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
System logs represent a valuable source of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI), capturing attacker behaviors, exploited vulnerabilities, and traces of malicious activity. Yet their utility is often limited by lack of structure, semantic inconsistency, and fragmentation across devices and sessions. Extracting actionable CTI from logs therefore requires approaches that can reconcile noisy, heterogeneous data into coherent and interoperable representations. We introduce OntoLogX, an autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to transform raw logs into ontology-grounded Knowledge Graphs (KGs). OntoLogX integrates a lightweight log ontology with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and iterative correction steps, ensuring that generated KGs are syntactically and semantically valid. Beyond event-level analysis, the system aggregates KGs into sessions and employs a LLM to predict MITRE ATT&CK tactics, linking low-level log evidence to higher-level adversarial objectives. We evaluate OntoLogX on both logs from a public benchmark and a real-world honeypot dataset, demonstrating robust KG generation across multiple KGs backends and accurate mapping of adversarial activity to ATT&CK tactics. Results highlight the benefits of retrieval and correction for precision and recall, the effectiveness of code-oriented models in structured log analysis, and the value of ontology-grounded representations for actionable CTI extraction.
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