arXiv:2510.02030cs.CV2025-10被引 2

用无人机+AI自动分析多种动物行为,提升生态研究效率。

kabr-tools: Automated Framework for Multi-Species Behavioral Monitoring

  • 结合无人机视频与机器学习,自动识别多物种行为与社交关系。
  • 相比地面观察,行为捕捉准确率更高,可见性损失减少15%。
  • 适合生态监测、保护生物学及大规模动物行为研究者使用。

动物行为生态学的理解依赖于可扩展的方法来量化和解读复杂的多维行为模式。传统野外观察往往范围有限、耗时且劳动密集,难以评估景观尺度上的行为响应。为此,我们提出kabr-tools(肯尼亚动物行为识别工具),一个开源的自动化多物种行为监测框架。该框架整合无人机视频与机器学习系统,从野生动物影像中提取行为、社会及空间指标。其流程利用目标检测、跟踪与行为分类系统,生成时间预算、行为转换、社会互动、栖息地关联及群体组成动态等关键指标。相比地面方法,无人机观测显著提升了行为粒度,可见性损失降低15%,并更准确、连续地捕捉行为转换。我们通过三个案例研究验证了kabr-tools,分析了969个行为序列,超越传统方法的数据采集与标注能力。结果发现:与平原斑马类似,格里威斑马的警觉行为随群大小增加而下降,但与平原斑马不同的是,栖息地对其影响微乎其微;平原斑马与格里威斑马均表现出强烈的行为惯性,极少转向警觉状态;在混种群中,格里威斑马、平原斑马与长颈鹿存在明显的空间分隔。kabr-tools通过规模化自动化行为监测,为生态系统级研究提供强大工具,推动保护生物学、生物多样性研究与生态监测发展。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

A comprehensive understanding of animal behavior ecology depends on scalable approaches to quantify and interpret complex, multidimensional behavioral patterns. Traditional field observations are often limited in scope, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, hindering the assessment of behavioral responses across landscapes. To address this, we present kabr-tools (Kenyan Animal Behavior Recognition Tools), an open-source package for automated multi-species behavioral monitoring. This framework integrates drone-based video with machine learning systems to extract behavioral, social, and spatial metrics from wildlife footage. Our pipeline leverages object detection, tracking, and behavioral classification systems to generate key metrics, including time budgets, behavioral transitions, social interactions, habitat associations, and group composition dynamics. Compared to ground-based methods, drone-based observations significantly improved behavioral granularity, reducing visibility loss by 15% and capturing more transitions with higher accuracy and continuity. We validate kabr-tools through three case studies, analyzing 969 behavioral sequences, surpassing the capacity of traditional methods for data capture and annotation. We found that, like Plains zebras, vigilance in Grevy's zebras decreases with herd size, but, unlike Plains zebras, habitat has a negligible impact. Plains and Grevy's zebras exhibit strong behavioral inertia, with rare transitions to alert behaviors and observed spatial segregation between Grevy's zebras, Plains zebras, and giraffes in mixed-species herds. By enabling automated behavioral monitoring at scale, kabr-tools offers a powerful tool for ecosystem-wide studies, advancing conservation, biodiversity research, and ecological monitoring.

行为识别无人机监测生态研究多物种分析

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