让机器人在感知延迟时自动调整目标,提升抓取等操作成功率。
U-LAG: Uncertainty-Aware, Lag-Adaptive Goal Retargeting for Robotic Manipulation
- 根据感知延迟和不确定性动态重设目标位置
- 在0-400毫秒延迟下仍保持高成功率,减少失败次数
- 适合需要实时响应的机械臂操控任务
机器人在变化环境中操作时,常面临感知延迟、噪声或过时信息的问题。本文提出U-LAG,一种执行中目标重定向的中间层,不改变底层控制器,随新观测动态调整任务目标(接触前、接触中、接触后)。不同于传统运动重定向或通用视觉伺服,U-LAG将飞行中目标重设视为可插拔的独立模块。核心技术为UAR-PF:一种考虑不确定性的重定向器,在感知滞后下维护物体位姿分布,并选择预期进展最大的目标。我们在PyBullet/PandaGym中构建可复现的Shift x Lag压力测试,涵盖抓取、推移、堆叠和钉入任务,对象在接近过程中发生0-10厘米平面突变,同时注入0-400毫秒合成感知延迟。实验显示,相比无重定向基线,UAR-PF与ICP在各类条件下均表现稳健,成功率更高,末端执行器移动距离小,中断更少;简单运行保障机制进一步提升稳定性。贡献包括:(1) UAR-PF用于滞后自适应、不确定性感知的目标重定向;(2) 可插拔的重定向接口;(3) 包含四种任务的可复现基准测试集。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robots manipulating in changing environments must act on percepts that are late, noisy, or stale. We present U-LAG, a mid-execution goal-retargeting layer that leaves the low-level controller unchanged while re-aiming task goals (pre-contact, contact, post) as new observations arrive. Unlike motion retargeting or generic visual servoing, U-LAG treats in-flight goal re-aiming as a first-class, pluggable module between perception and control. Our main technical contribution is UAR-PF, an uncertainty-aware retargeter that maintains a distribution over object pose under sensing lag and selects goals that maximize expected progress. We instantiate a reproducible Shift x Lag stress test in PyBullet/PandaGym for pick, push, stacking, and peg insertion, where the object undergoes abrupt in-plane shifts while synthetic perception lag is injected during approach. Across 0-10 cm shifts and 0-400 ms lags, UAR-PF and ICP degrade gracefully relative to a no-retarget baseline, achieving higher success with modest end-effector travel and fewer aborts; simple operational safeguards further improve stability. Contributions: (1) UAR-PF for lag-adaptive, uncertainty-aware goal retargeting; (2) a pluggable retargeting interface; and (3) a reproducible Shift x Lag benchmark with evaluation on pick, push, stacking, and peg insertion.
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