arXiv:2510.03460cs.RO2025-10被引 6

用点云生成初始路径,让机械臂快速规划安全轨迹。

Warm-Starting Optimization-Based Motion Planning for Robotic Manipulators via Point Cloud-Conditioned Flow Matching

  • 用点云条件流匹配学习优化初始解,无需环境先验
  • 在复杂场景中成功率超90%,优化迭代次数减少40%以上
  • 适合动态协作场景,对未见环境泛化能力强

在人机协作系统中,机器人需实时响应动态环境,持续观测并重规划运动以确保安全交互与高效任务执行。当前基于采样的规划器在高维配置空间中难以扩展,常需后处理插值平滑,导致时间效率低下。而基于优化的规划器虽能直接生成平滑轨迹并整合多约束,但对初始化敏感,易陷入局部最优。本文提出一种新型学习方法:利用单视角点云条件流匹配模型,学习近似最优的优化初始解。该方法无需预先知晓障碍物位置与几何信息,可直接从单视图深度相机输入生成可行轨迹。在含杂乱物体的工作空间中对UR5e机械臂的仿真研究表明,所提生成式初始化器自身成功率超过90%,显著提升轨迹优化成功率,相比传统与学习基线初始化器减少约40%优化迭代次数,并在未见环境中展现出强泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Rapid robot motion generation is critical in Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) systems, as robots need to respond to dynamic environments in real time by continuously observing their surroundings and replanning their motions to ensure both safe interactions and efficient task execution. Current sampling-based motion planners face challenges in scaling to high-dimensional configuration spaces and often require post-processing to interpolate and smooth the generated paths, resulting in time inefficiency in complex environments. Optimization-based planners, on the other hand, can incorporate multiple constraints and generate smooth trajectories directly, making them potentially more time-efficient. However, optimization-based planners are sensitive to initialization and may get stuck in local minima. In this work, we present a novel learning-based method that utilizes a Flow Matching model conditioned on a single-view point cloud to learn near-optimal solutions for optimization initialization. Our method does not require prior knowledge of the environment, such as obstacle locations and geometries, and can generate feasible trajectories directly from single-view depth camera input. Simulation studies on a UR5e robotic manipulator in cluttered workspaces demonstrate that the proposed generative initializer achieves a high success rate on its own, significantly improves the success rate of trajectory optimization compared with traditional and learning-based benchmark initializers, requires fewer optimization iterations, and exhibits strong generalization to unseen environments.

运动规划点云流匹配机械臂

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