让多个AI协作推理更高效,自动调节争论强度与信息质量。
Multi-Agent Collaborative Intelligence: Dual-Dial Control for Reliable LLM Reasoning
- 用两个独立旋钮控制信息质量和争论程度,实现动态调节。
- 在医疗诊断和新闻偏见任务中提升准确率,减少耗能30%以上。
- 支持可测量、可终止的推理过程,适合高可靠性场景使用。
多智能体辩论常因固定对抗立场、缺乏协商或过早停止而浪费算力。我们提出MACI,一种双旋钮主动控制器,将信息与行为解耦:信息旋钮按质量筛选证据,行为旋钮从探索到收敛调节争论程度。调解者跟踪分歧度、重叠度、证据质量与论证质量,在收益趋于平稳时终止。提供弱理论保证,确保分散性不增加且可证明终止,具备预算可行的调度机制。在临床诊断与新闻偏见任务中,MACI提升准确率与校准度,同时减少超过30%的令牌消耗;并将剩余不确定性转化为精确的RAG检索计划,明确下一步需获取内容。采用跨家族大模型评判器(CRIT)作为保守软权重与终止信号,验证了顺序无关性与评判器替换稳定性;稳定性依赖于高能力评判器。MACI使辩论变为预算敏感、可度量、可证明终止的控制器。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-agent debate often wastes compute by using a fixed adversarial stance, aggregating without deliberation, or stopping on heuristics. We introduce MACI, an active controller with two independent dials that decouple information from behavior: an information dial that gates evidence by quality, and a behavior dial that schedules contentiousness from exploration to consolidation. A moderator tracks disagreement, overlap, evidence quality, and argument quality, and halts when gains plateau. We provide theory-lite guarantees for nonincreasing dispersion and provable termination, with a budget-feasible scheduler. Across clinical diagnosis and news-bias tasks, MACI improves accuracy and calibration while reducing tokens, and converts residual uncertainty into precision RAG plans that specify what to retrieve next. We use a cross-family LLM judge (CRIT) as a conservative soft weight and stop signal, validated for order invariance and judge-swap stability; stability depends on using high-capability judges. MACI turns debate into a budget-aware, measurable, and provably terminating controller.
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