OKVIS2-X融合多传感器,构建高精度实时三维地图,支持大场景与复杂环境导航。
OKVIS2-X: Open Keyframe-based Visual-Inertial SLAM Configurable with Dense Depth or LiDAR, and GNSS
- 统一框架集成视觉、惯性、深度、激光雷达和GNSS数据
- 9公里长序列下仍保持实时性,轨迹误差低于现有系统
- 适合需要高精度定位的自动驾驶与机器人导航场景
为使移动机器人具备可用地图及最高精度和鲁棒性的状态估计能力,我们提出OKVIS2-X:一种先进的多传感器同步定位与建图(SLAM)系统,可构建稠密体素化占据地图,并在大规模环境中实现实时运行。该统一框架无缝集成视觉、惯性、测量或学习所得深度、激光雷达及全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)数据。不同于多数先进SLAM系统,我们在使用深度或测距感知能力时采用稠密体素地图表示。通过高效的子地图策略,系统可扩展至大场景,在长达9公里的序列中表现稳定。通过地图对齐因子紧密耦合估计器与子地图,显著提升精度与鲁棒性。系统生成全局一致地图,可直接用于自主导航。为进一步提高精度,还支持相机外参在线标定。在EuRoC数据集上轨迹精度优于现有最佳方法,在Hilti22纯视觉基准中全面领先,激光雷达版本也具竞争力,并在VBR数据集的大规模多样化序列中达到顶尖水平。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
To empower mobile robots with usable maps as well as highest state estimation accuracy and robustness, we present OKVIS2-X: a state-of-the-art multi-sensor Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system building dense volumetric occupancy maps, while scalable to large environments and operating in realtime. Our unified SLAM framework seamlessly integrates different sensor modalities: visual, inertial, measured or learned depth, LiDAR and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements. Unlike most state-of-the-art SLAM systems, we advocate using dense volumetric map representations when leveraging depth or range-sensing capabilities. We employ an efficient submapping strategy that allows our system to scale to large environments, showcased in sequences of up to 9 kilometers. OKVIS2-X enhances its accuracy and robustness by tightly-coupling the estimator and submaps through map alignment factors. Our system provides globally consistent maps, directly usable for autonomous navigation. To further improve the accuracy of OKVIS2-X, we also incorporate the option of performing online calibration of camera extrinsics. Our system achieves the highest trajectory accuracy in EuRoC against state-of-the-art alternatives, outperforms all competitors in the Hilti22 VI-only benchmark, while also proving competitive in the LiDAR version, and showcases state of the art accuracy in the diverse and large-scale sequences from the VBR dataset.
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