提出新型超图网络,能同时处理有向和无向高阶关系,性能提升最高达20%。
Directional Sheaf Hypergraph Networks: Unifying Learning on Directed and Undirected Hypergraphs
- 基于层化叠层理论构建有向超图神经网络框架
- 在7个真实数据集上相对基线提升2%-20%准确率
- 适合建模群体间方向性互动的场景,如社交传播、生物通路
超图能自然表示多个实体间的高阶交互。尽管无向超图已得到广泛研究,但可建模有向群体互动的有向超图仍研究不足。现有方法常隐含同质偏好,难以应对异质场景。受细胞层化叠层理论启发,层化神经网络(SNN)被提出以克服此问题。虽已有超图推广,但仅适用于无向情况,无法处理有向情形。本文提出方向性层化超图网络(DSHN),融合叠层理论与超图中非对称关系的严谨建模。由此构造出复值的有向超图拉普拉斯算子,统一并推广了图与超图学习中的多种拉普拉斯矩阵。在7个真实数据集上对比13种基线,DSHN实现2%至20%的相对准确率提升,表明对超图方向性的严谨处理结合叠层表达力,能显著提升性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Hypergraphs provide a natural way to represent higher-order interactions among multiple entities. While undirected hypergraphs have been extensively studied, the case of directed hypergraphs, which can model oriented group interactions, remains largely under-explored despite its relevance for many applications. Recent approaches in this direction often exhibit an implicit bias toward homophily, which limits their effectiveness in heterophilic settings. Rooted in the algebraic topology notion of Cellular Sheaves, Sheaf Neural Networks (SNNs) were introduced as an effective solution to circumvent such a drawback. While a generalization to hypergraphs is known, it is only suitable for undirected hypergraphs, failing to tackle the directed case. In this work, we introduce Directional Sheaf Hypergraph Networks (DSHN), a framework integrating sheaf theory with a principled treatment of asymmetric relations within a hypergraph. From it, we construct the Directed Sheaf Hypergraph Laplacian, a complex-valued operator by which we unify and generalize many existing Laplacian matrices proposed in the graph- and hypergraph-learning literature. Across 7 real-world datasets and against 13 baselines, DSHN achieves relative accuracy gains from 2% up to 20%, showing how a principled treatment of directionality in hypergraphs, combined with the expressive power of sheaves, can substantially improve performance.
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