arXiv:2510.05001cs.RO2025-10

基于电影机器人TARS设计,实现行走与滚动多种新步态。

Walking, Rolling, and Beyond: First-Principles and RL Locomotion on a TARS-Inspired Robot

  • 构建简化模型并推导出行走与滚动的极限环条件。
  • 实验验证机器人在髋关节±150度范围内稳定运行,保持八步混合循环。
  • 结合强化学习发现新步态,拓展非人形机器人的运动能力。

机器人步行研究多源于生物启发的腿型设计,但许多工程场景更适合非人类形态。本研究将电影《星际穿越》中的块状机器人TARS转化为一个0.25米高、0.99公斤重的实验平台,具备七个可驱动自由度。影片中展示两种主要步态:类双足行走与高速滚动。针对TARS3D,我们为每种步态建立降阶模型,推导闭式极限环条件,并在硬件上验证预测。实验表明,机器人在±150度髋关节限制内交替左右接触,无干涉,且在滚动模式下维持八步混合极限环。由于每根伸缩腿提供四个接触点,滚动步态被建模为八辐双轮结构。伸缩腿冗余意味着远超两种极限环的步态潜力。因此,我们在仿真中使用深度强化学习(DRL)探索未解析空间,结果发现学习策略在合适先验下能复现解析步态,并发现全新行为。研究证明,受虚构启发的非生物形态机器人可实现此前未探索的多种运动模式,进一步学习驱动搜索有望揭示更多可能。该分析合成与强化学习结合的方法为多模态机器人开辟了新路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic locomotion research typically draws from biologically inspired leg designs, yet many human-engineered settings can benefit from non-anthropomorphic forms. TARS3D translates the block-shaped 'TARS' robot from Interstellar into a 0.25 m, 0.99 kg research platform with seven actuated degrees of freedom. The film shows two primary gaits: a bipedal-like walk and a high-speed rolling mode. For TARS3D, we build reduced-order models for each, derive closed-form limit-cycle conditions, and validate the predictions on hardware. Experiments confirm that the robot respects its +/-150 degree hip limits, alternates left-right contacts without interference, and maintains an eight-step hybrid limit cycle in rolling mode. Because each telescopic leg provides four contact corners, the rolling gait is modeled as an eight-spoke double rimless wheel. The robot's telescopic leg redundancy implies a far richer gait repertoire than the two limit cycles treated analytically. So, we used deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in simulation to search the unexplored space. We observed that the learned policy can recover the analytic gaits under the right priors and discover novel behaviors as well. Our findings show that TARS3D's fiction-inspired bio-transcending morphology can realize multiple previously unexplored locomotion modes and that further learning-driven search is likely to reveal more. This combination of analytic synthesis and reinforcement learning opens a promising pathway for multimodal robotics.

机器人步态强化学习非人形机器人运动控制

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。