arXiv:2510.05414cs.CL2025-10被引 10

用轻量大模型构建多智能体系统,自动完成二维框架结构有限元建模。

A Lightweight Large Language Model-Based Multi-Agent System for 2D Frame Structural Analysis

  • 分角色多智能体协作,各司其职处理建模任务
  • 20个基准题平均准确率超80%,10次试验稳定表现
  • 适合需要自动化结构分析的工程师和研究者

大语言模型(LLMs)近期被用于赋能工程领域自主智能体,显著提升劳动密集型流程的自动化与效率。然而其在结构工程中的应用仍不充分,尤其在需几何建模、复杂推理与领域知识的有限元建模任务中。为此,本文开发了一种基于LLM的多智能体系统,用于自动化二维框架的有限元建模。系统将结构分析分解为子任务,每个任务由专用智能体执行,底层采用轻量级Llama-3.3 70B Instruct模型。工作流始于问题分析智能体,从用户输入中提取几何、边界及材料参数;随后几何智能体通过专家定义规则逐步推导节点坐标与单元连接关系;结构化输出由翻译智能体转化为可执行的OpenSeesPy代码,并经模型验证智能体进行一致性检查;最后载荷智能体将荷载条件施加至组装后的结构模型。在20个基准问题上的实验评估表明,系统在10次重复试验中多数情况准确率超过80%,优于Gemini-2.5 Pro和ChatGPT-4o模型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used to empower autonomous agents in engineering, significantly improving automation and efficiency in labor-intensive workflows. However, their potential remains underexplored in structural engineering, particularly for finite element modeling tasks requiring geometric modeling, complex reasoning, and domain knowledge. To bridge this gap, this paper develops a LLM-based multi-agent system to automate finite element modeling of 2D frames. The system decomposes structural analysis into subtasks, each managed by a specialized agent powered by the lightweight Llama-3.3 70B Instruct model. The workflow begins with a Problem Analysis Agent, which extracts geometry, boundary, and material parameters from the user input. Next, a Geometry Agent incrementally derives node coordinates and element connectivity by applying expert-defined rules. These structured outputs are converted into executable OpenSeesPy code by a Translation Agent and refined by a Model Validation Agent through consistency checks. Then, a Load Agent applies load conditions into the assembled structural model. Experimental evaluations on 20 benchmark problems demonstrate that the system achieves accuracy over 80% in most cases across 10 repeated trials, outperforming Gemini-2.5 Pro and ChatGPT-4o models.

多智能体结构分析大模型应用有限元建模

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