提出高效生成时序图的自编码器,兼顾质量与速度。
Efficient Learning-based Graph Simulation for Temporal Graphs
- 用注意力机制编码局部时序图特征,提升信息捕捉能力。
- 在真实和合成数据上,生成速度比现有方法快2倍以上,质量更优。
- 适合需要快速生成大规模时序图的研究者和工业应用。
图模拟在图处理与分析中受到广泛关注。现实应用如社会科学、生物学和化学中,许多图由一系列演化图组成(即时序图)。现有大多数图生成器聚焦于静态图,忽略了时序信息。本文关注时序图的模拟,旨在复现真实时序图的结构与时序特性。我们首先综述了现有的时序图生成器,包括新兴的学习型方法。多数学习型方法存在训练效率低或生成速度慢的问题,尤其针对基于随机游走的方法。为此,我们提出一种高效的基于学习的图快照生成方法——时序图自编码器(TGAE)。具体地,我们设计了一种基于注意力机制的图编码器,用于编码采样局部图的时序与结构特征;同时提出一种局部图解码器,在生成质量与效率之间取得良好平衡。在真实时序图与合成图上的实验评估表明,相比现有最优方法,我们的方法在模拟质量与生成效率上均有显著提升。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Graph simulation has recently received a surge of attention in graph processing and analytics. In real-life applications, e.g. social science, biology, and chemistry, many graphs are composed of a series of evolving graphs (i.e., temporal graphs). While most of the existing graph generators focus on static graphs, the temporal information of the graphs is ignored. In this paper, we focus on simulating temporal graphs, which aim to reproduce the structural and temporal properties of the observed real-life temporal graphs. In this paper, we first give an overview of the existing temporal graph generators, including recently emerged learning-based approaches. Most of these learning-based methods suffer from one of the limitations: low efficiency in training or slow generating, especially for temporal random walk-based methods. Therefore, we propose an efficient learning-based approach to generate graph snapshots, namely temporal graph autoencoder (TGAE). Specifically, we propose an attention-based graph encoder to encode temporal and structural characteristics on sampled ego-graphs. And we proposed an ego-graph decoder that can achieve a good trade-off between simulation quality and efficiency in temporal graph generation. Finally, the experimental evaluation is conducted among our proposed TGAE and representative temporal graph generators on real-life temporal graphs and synthesized graphs. It is reported that our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art temporal graph generators by means of simulation quality and efficiency.
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