AI代理如何重塑社会科学的研究范式与认知方式
Artificially intelligent agents in the social and behavioral sciences: A history and outlook
- 从早期社会模拟到大语言模型，展现智能代理在社科研究中的演进路径
- 技术变革推动科学方法论革新，引发认识论层面的深刻转变
- 适合关注计算社会科学、人机交互及科技哲学的研究者阅读
我们回顾了人工智能代理（agentic AI）在社会与行为科学中的历史发展与当前趋势：从最早的可编程计算机及其随之而来的社会模拟，到如今对大型语言模型的实验应用。本综述强调了AI在科学过程中的作用以及自1950年以来技术进步与科学范式演变所带来的影响。具体涵盖内容包括：首次向缺乏计算机概念的世界展示社会模拟研究所面临的挑战、社会系统科学的兴起、智能博弈论代理的发展、大数据时代的到来及其引发的认识论动荡，以及当前生成式AI应用的热潮等众多议题。一个贯穿始终的主题是：我们与用以理解自身的技术之间存在深刻的相互依存关系。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We review the historical development and current trends of artificially intelligent agents (agentic AI) in the social and behavioral sciences: from the first programmable computers, and social simulations soon thereafter, to today's experiments with large language models. This overview emphasizes the role of AI in the scientific process and the changes brought about, both through technological advancements and the broader evolution of science from around 1950 to the present. Some of the specific points we cover include: the challenges of presenting the first social simulation studies to a world unaware of computers, the rise of social systems science, intelligent game theoretic agents, the age of big data and the epistemic upheaval in its wake, and the current enthusiasm around applications of generative AI, and many other topics. A pervasive theme is how deeply entwined we are with the technologies we use to understand ourselves.
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