arXiv:2510.06633cs.RO2025-10被引 1

根据用户能力动态调整辅助方式,帮失智老人自主服药

Assist-As-Needed: Adaptive Multimodal Robotic Assistance for Medication Management in Dementia Care

  • 分三级逐步提供语音、手势、导航+指令的多模态帮助
  • 系统能实时判断任务状态,只给恰到好处的辅助
  • 适合关注失智照护中尊严与自主权的研究者和开发者

失智症患者在服药管理上能力逐渐衰退,从忘记服药到完全无法完成任务,但现有助老技术多为固定模式,难以适应变化需求。这种‘一刀切’模式削弱自主性,加速依赖,并增加照护负担。职业治疗强调应按个体能力匹配辅助程度:仅需提醒者给口头提示,物品错放者给空间引导,复杂任务则需分步指令。然而现有机器人缺乏这种渐进式响应机制。本文提出基于Pepper机器人的自适应多模态辅助框架,通过层级干预策略实现从(1)单纯语音提醒,到(2)语音+手势提示,再到(3)结合物理导航与分步语音/手势指导的全模态引导。系统利用大模型驱动的交互策略与多模态感知,持续评估任务状态,提供恰到好处的辅助以保障自主性并提升服药依从性。我们在实验室环境中对健康成人及失智照护相关方进行了初步测试,评估系统可用性、理解度与反馈适配性。本研究贡献包括:(1)将职业治疗原则转化为人机交互设计的理论框架;(2)实现尊重失智者尊严的渐进式机器人辅助系统;(3)获得照护相关方对自适应护理反馈机制的实证认知。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

People living with dementia (PLWDs) face progressively declining abilities in medication management-from simple forgetfulness to complete task breakdown-yet most assistive technologies fail to adapt to these changing needs. This one-size-fits-all approach undermines autonomy, accelerates dependence, and increases caregiver burden. Occupational therapy principles emphasize matching assistance levels to individual capabilities: minimal reminders for those who merely forget, spatial guidance for those who misplace items, and comprehensive multimodal support for those requiring step-by-step instruction. However, existing robotic systems lack this adaptive, graduated response framework essential for maintaining PLWD independence. We present an adaptive multimodal robotic framework using the Pepper robot that dynamically adjusts assistance based on real-time assessment of user needs. Our system implements a hierarchical intervention model progressing from (1) simple verbal reminders, to (2) verbal + gestural cues, to (3) full multimodal guidance combining physical navigation to medication locations with step-by-step verbal and gestural instructions. Powered by LLM-driven interaction strategies and multimodal sensing, the system continuously evaluates task states to provide just-enough assistance-preserving autonomy while ensuring medication adherence. We conducted a preliminary study with healthy adults and dementia care stakeholders in a controlled lab setting, evaluating the system's usability, comprehensibility, and appropriateness of adaptive feedback mechanisms. This work contributes: (1) a theoretically grounded adaptive assistance framework translating occupational therapy principles into HRI design, (2) a multimodal robotic implementation that preserves PLWD dignity through graduated support, and (3) empirical insights into stakeholder perceptions of adaptive robotic care.

失智照护自适应辅助多模态交互机器人护理

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