用语言建模思想做图像生成,效果远超现有方法
Heptapod: Language Modeling on Visual Signals
- 以2D像素分布为预测目标,用因果注意力逐点生成图像
- 在ImageNet上生成图像的FID达2.70,显著优于此前方法
- 适合研究视觉生成与自回归建模融合的学者参考
我们提出Heptapod,一种遵循语言建模核心原则的图像自回归模型。该模型采用因果注意力机制,不依赖类别引导生成(CFG),也摒弃语义分词器趋势。其核心创新是「下一二维分布预测」:基于重构导向的视觉分词器,一个因果Transformer在每个时间步预测图像整个二维空间的像素分布。这一目标将自回归序列建模与掩码自编码的全局自监督学习统一起来,使模型通过生成训练捕捉完整的图像语义。在ImageNet生成基准上,Heptapod取得FID 2.70,显著优于以往因果自回归方法。我们希望本工作能推动对视觉信号语言建模的原理性反思。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce Heptapod, an image autoregressive model that adheres to the foundational principles of language modeling. Heptapod employs \textbf{causal attention}, \textbf{eliminates reliance on CFG}, and \textbf{eschews the trend of semantic tokenizers}. Our key innovation is \textit{next 2D distribution prediction}: a causal Transformer with reconstruction-focused visual tokenizer, learns to predict the distribution over the entire 2D spatial grid of images at each timestep. This learning objective unifies the sequential modeling of autoregressive framework with the holistic self-supervised learning of masked autoencoding, enabling the model to capture comprehensive image semantics via generative training. On the ImageNet generation benchmark, Heptapod achieves an FID of $2.70$, significantly outperforming previous causal autoregressive approaches. We hope our work inspires a principled rethinking of language modeling on visual signals and beyond.
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