探讨AI监管与创新如何共存，提出责任导向的治理路径。
On the false election between regulation and innovation. Ideas for regulation through the responsible use of artificial intelligence in research and education.[Spanish version]
- 以权利保护为优先，打破监管与创新对立的伪命题。
- 主张将公共利益置于利润之上，避免国际竞争导致标准下滑。
- 适合关注AI伦理、教育政策及全球治理的研究者阅读。
本文基于2025年7月4日由Martín García-Matos和Lissette Lemus组织、Albert Sabater（OEIAC, UG）协调的AIHUB（CSIC）与EduCaixa暑期学校辩论会的讨论，回应了三个核心问题：（1）如何在AI发展中优先保障隐私、非歧视、自主权等基本权利，而不陷入监管与创新的虚假对立？（2）面对偏见、大规模监控、操纵等风险，有哪些法规或政策实例证明可在不屈从于中美等国竞争压力的前提下，推动负责任的创新并以公众利益为先？（3）在美方强调灵活性的背景下，如何确保国际AI合作不沦为权利底线竞降，而能建立全球问责标准？文章尝试解答上述问题，并反思其对科研与教育领域的意义。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This short essay is a reworking of the answers offered by the author at the Debate Session of the AIHUB (CSIC) and EduCaixa Summer School, organized by Marta Garcia-Matos and Lissette Lemus, and coordinated by Albert Sabater (OEIAC, UG), with the participation of Vanina Martinez-Posse (IIIA-CSIC), Eulalia Soler (Eurecat) and Pompeu Casanovas (IIIA-CSIC) on July 4th 2025. Albert Sabater posed three questions: (1) How can regulatory frameworks priori-tise the protection of fundamental rights (privacy, non-discrimination, autonomy, etc.) in the development of AI, without falling into the false dichotomy between regulation and innova-tion? (2) Given the risks of AI (bias, mass surveillance, manipulation), what examples of regu-lations or policies have demonstrated that it is possible to foster responsible innovation, putting the public interest before profitability, without giving in to competitive pressure from actors such as China or the US? (3) In a scenario where the US prioritizes flexibility, what mecha-nisms could ensure that international cooperation in AI does not become a race to the bottom in rights, but rather a global standard of accountability? The article attempts to answer these three questions and concludes with some reflections on the relevance of the answers for education and research.
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