让大模型边工作边学习,自动积累经验持续进化。
Learning on the Job: An Experience-Driven Self-Evolving Agent for Long-Horizon Tasks
- 用分层记忆模块记录任务经历,自动提炼成可复用经验。
- 在TAC基准上用轻量模型达成新SOTA,任务完成率显著提升。
- 适合需要长期自主执行的复杂任务场景,如智能办公自动化。
大型语言模型在多个领域表现出色,但在部署为真实世界长周期任务的AI代理时仍面临重大挑战。现有LLM代理存在关键缺陷:测试时静态,无法从经验中学习,缺乏知识积累和持续改进能力。为此,我们提出MUSE框架,一种以分层记忆模块为核心的体验驱动型自进化系统。该系统组织多层级经验,并用于跨多个应用场景的长周期任务规划与执行。每次子任务完成后,代理会自主反思执行轨迹,将原始轨迹转化为结构化经验并回写至记忆模块。这一机制使代理超越预训练参数的限制,实现持续学习与自我进化。我们在长周期生产力基准TAC上评估MUSE,仅使用轻量级Gemini-2.5 Flash模型即取得显著领先的新SOTA性能。充分实验表明,随着代理自主积累经验,其任务完成能力持续增强,展现出强鲁棒性的持续学习与自进化能力。此外,所积累的经验具备良好泛化性,可在新任务上实现零样本提升。MUSE为真实世界生产力任务自动化建立了新范式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, yet significant challenges persist when deploying them as AI agents for real-world long-horizon tasks. Existing LLM agents suffer from a critical limitation: they are test-time static and cannot learn from experience, lacking the ability to accumulate knowledge and continuously improve on the job. To address this challenge, we propose MUSE, a novel agent framework that introduces an experience-driven, self-evolving system centered around a hierarchical Memory Module. MUSE organizes diverse levels of experience and leverages them to plan and execute long-horizon tasks across multiple applications. After each sub-task execution, the agent autonomously reflects on its trajectory, converting the raw trajectory into structured experience and integrating it back into the Memory Module. This mechanism enables the agent to evolve beyond its static pretrained parameters, fostering continuous learning and self-evolution. We evaluate MUSE on the long-horizon productivity benchmark TAC. It achieves new SOTA performance by a significant margin using only a lightweight Gemini-2.5 Flash model. Sufficient Experiments demonstrate that as the agent autonomously accumulates experience, it exhibits increasingly superior task completion capabilities, as well as robust continuous learning and self-evolution capabilities. Moreover, the accumulated experience from MUSE exhibits strong generalization properties, enabling zero-shot improvement on new tasks. MUSE establishes a new paradigm for AI agents capable of real-world productivity task automation.
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