追踪用户与AI伙伴互动3周，发现感知逐渐趋同。
How AI Companionship Develops: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study
- 通过纵向实验观察用户对通用聊天机器人的感知变化
- 3周后用户对通用机器人与专属伙伴的感知趋于一致
- 揭示了人机陪伴关系随时间发展的心理路径
AI伴侣日益流行，可能影响心理健康与人际关系。已有研究多关注个体因素如何驱动人机交互，但对这些因素如何相互作用并随时间演变知之甚少。研究1通过问卷调查303名用户，梳理了用户对智能体的心理模型如何通过拟社会互动与参与度影响其心理体验。研究2对其中110名参与者进行纵向研究，使用一款通用聊天机器人。结果显示，参与者对通用机器人的感知在第3周时显著趋近于其专属伴侣的感知。研究提出了一个长期的人机陪伴发展模型，并展示了实证研究人机陪伴关系的方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The quickly growing popularity of AI companions poses risks to mental health, personal wellbeing, and social relationships. Past work has identified many individual factors that can drive human-companion interaction, but we know little about how these factors interact and evolve over time. In Study 1, we surveyed AI companion users (N = 303) to map the psychological pathway from users' mental models of the agent to parasocial experiences, social interaction, and the psychological impact of AI companions. Participants' responses foregrounded multiple interconnected variables (agency, parasocial interaction, and engagement) that shape AI companionship. In Study 2, we conducted a longitudinal study with a subset of participants (N = 110) using a new generic chatbot. Participants' perceptions of the generic chatbot significantly converged to perceptions of their own companions by Week 3. These results suggest a longitudinal model of AI companionship development and demonstrate an empirical method to study human-AI companionship.
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