用游戏化设计让普通人轻松训练脑机接口，还能收集有效数据。
BrainForm: a Serious Game for BCI Training and Data Collection
- 通过游戏化界面降低脑机接口学习门槛，支持家用设备使用。
- 多次训练后拼写准确率、信息传输速率均提升，证明用户在持续进步。
- 游戏体验评分高，适合长期研究与用户参与度高的场景。
BrainForm 是一种面向大众的脑机接口（BCI）游戏化训练系统，采用消费级硬件和简易设置实现可扩展的数据采集。研究考察了用户在多轮训练中如何发展控制能力，以及两种视觉刺激纹理对感知和性能的影响。游戏体验问卷（GEQ）显示，心流、积极情绪、胜任感和挑战性得分均显著为正，表明用户持续投入。一项包含多轮实验、两种任务复杂度及会后问卷的组内研究发现，两种纹理间无显著性能差异，但随时间推移眼疲劳加剧。在线指标——任务准确率、任务时长与信息传输速率——在训练过程中逐步提升，证实了符号拼写任务中的学习效应，即使在高压环境下亦然。结果表明，BrainForm 具备作为可扩展、易用的脑机接口研究工具的潜力，并为维持用户参与度和减少训练疲劳提供实践指导。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
$\textit{BrainForm}$ is a gamified Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) training system designed for scalable data collection using consumer hardware and a minimal setup. We investigated (1) how users develop BCI control skills across repeated sessions and (2) perceptual and performance effects of two visual stimulation textures. Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) scores for Flow, Positive Affect, Competence and Challenge were strongly positive, indicating sustained engagement. A within-subject study with multiple runs, two task complexities, and post-session questionnaires revealed no significant performance differences between textures but increased ocular irritation over time. Online metrics$\unicode{x2013}$Task Accuracy, Task Time, and Information Transfer Rate$\unicode{x2013}$improved across sessions, confirming learning effects for symbol spelling, even under pressure conditions. Our results highlight the potential of $\textit{BrainForm}$ as a scalable, user-friendly BCI research tool and offer guidance for sustained engagement and reduced training fatigue.
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