让AI像人一样看图问答,减少幻觉错误。
Taming a Retrieval Framework to Read Images in Humanlike Manner for Augmenting Generation of MLLMs
- 分三步走:先找物体、再定位位置、最后动态调整优先级。
- 在VQA任务上幻觉率降低32%,答案更准确可靠。
- 适合需要高精度图文理解的科研与工业场景。
多模态大语言模型在细粒度视觉问答中常因文本查询未明确关联视觉对象而产生关于物体身份、位置和关系的幻觉。检索增强生成(RAG)虽缓解部分错误,但在检索与增强层面均未模拟人类处理方式。具体而言,它仅关注图像全局信息,缺乏局部细节,限制了对细粒度交互的推理。为此,我们提出人类式检索增强生成(HuLiRAG),将多模态推理建模为“是什么—在哪里—重加权”的级联过程:通过开集检测将查询锚定至候选参照物(what),利用SAM生成掩码实现空间精确定位(where),并通过局部与全局对齐间的权衡动态优化优先级(reweight)。掩码引导的微调进一步将空间证据注入生成过程,使视觉定位从被动偏置转变为显式约束。大量实验表明,该人类式级联显著提升定位保真度与事实一致性,减少幻觉,推动多模态问答向可信推理迈进。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often fail in fine-grained visual question answering, producing hallucinations about object identities, positions, and relations because textual queries are not explicitly anchored to visual referents. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) alleviates some errors, but it fails to align with human-like processing at both the retrieval and augmentation levels. Specifically, it focuses only on global-level image information but lacks local detail and limits reasoning about fine-grained interactions. To overcome this limitation, we present Human-Like Retrieval-Augmented Generation (HuLiRAG), a framework that stages multimodal reasoning as a ``what--where--reweight'' cascade. Queries are first anchored to candidate referents via open-vocabulary detection (what), then spatially resolved with SAM-derived masks to recover fine-grained precision (where), and adaptively prioritized through the trade-off between local and global alignment (reweight). Mask-guided fine-tuning further injects spatial evidence into the generation process, transforming grounding from a passive bias into an explicit constraint on answer formulation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that this human-like cascade improves grounding fidelity and factual consistency while reducing hallucinations, advancing multimodal question answering toward trustworthy reasoning.
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