用流匹配建模交互行为,让自动驾驶更懂复杂路况。
Flow Matching-Based Autonomous Driving Planning with Advanced Interactive Behavior Modeling
- 轨迹分段编码+时空融合架构,提升交互建模效率
- 流匹配生成多模态行为,在nuPlan上超越现有方法
- 适合研究自动驾驶交互规划与生成模型的开发者
复杂场景下的交互式驾驶行为建模仍是自动驾驶规划的核心挑战。基于学习的方法尝试借助先进生成模型,摆脱对过度工程化结构的依赖。然而,简单堆叠Transformer块缺乏专门机制来捕捉真实驾驶中常见的交互行为。交互数据稀缺进一步加剧此问题,使传统模仿学习难以捕捉高价值交互行为。我们提出Flow Planner,通过数据建模、模型架构和学习策略的协同创新解决上述问题。首先引入细粒度轨迹分段,将轨迹分解为重叠片段以降低整体建模复杂度;其次设计精巧架构,实现规划与场景信息的高效时空融合,更好捕捉交互行为;此外,框架结合流匹配与无分类器引导,实现多模态行为生成,推理时动态重加权智能体交互,保持响应策略一致性,显著提升交互场景理解能力。在大规模nuPlan数据集及具有挑战性的interPlan数据集上的实验表明,Flow Planner在基于学习的方法中达到领先性能,有效建模复杂驾驶场景中的交互行为。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modeling interactive driving behaviors in complex scenarios remains a fundamental challenge for autonomous driving planning. Learning-based approaches attempt to address this challenge with advanced generative models, removing the dependency on over-engineered architectures for representation fusion. However, brute-force implementation by simply stacking transformer blocks lacks a dedicated mechanism for modeling interactive behaviors that are common in real driving scenarios. The scarcity of interactive driving data further exacerbates this problem, leaving conventional imitation learning methods ill-equipped to capture high-value interactive behaviors. We propose Flow Planner, which tackles these problems through coordinated innovations in data modeling, model architecture, and learning scheme. Specifically, we first introduce fine-grained trajectory tokenization, which decomposes the trajectory into overlapping segments to decrease the complexity of whole trajectory modeling. With a sophisticatedly designed architecture, we achieve efficient temporal and spatial fusion of planning and scene information, to better capture interactive behaviors. In addition, the framework incorporates flow matching with classifier-free guidance for multi-modal behavior generation, which dynamically reweights agent interactions during inference to maintain coherent response strategies, providing a critical boost for interactive scenario understanding. Experimental results on the large-scale nuPlan dataset and challenging interactive interPlan dataset demonstrate that Flow Planner achieves state-of-the-art performance among learning-based approaches while effectively modeling interactive behaviors in complex driving scenarios.
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