arXiv:2510.11281cs.AI2025-10

用图结构自动解析指令,让智能体可靠执行长流程任务。

PADME: Procedure Aware DynaMic Execution

  • 将自然语言指令转为带依赖关系的可执行图结构
  • 在四个基准上达到当前最优,长程执行准确率显著提升
  • 适合需要稳定执行复杂流程的自动化系统

从自然语言自主执行长时序流程仍是智能体的核心挑战。自由格式的指令(如食谱、科学协议或业务流程)蕴含丰富程序知识,但其多样性和无结构特性导致基于大语言模型的代理在执行中易漂移或失败。我们提出程序感知动态执行框架PADME,通过自动生成并利用图结构表示程序。不同于依赖人工构建图或非结构化推理的方法,PADME能自动将程序文本转化为包含任务依赖、决策点和可复用子程序的可执行图。核心是两阶段方法:教学阶段系统化结构化并注入可执行逻辑;执行阶段根据实时输入与环境反馈动态运行。该分离机制保障质量与可扩展性,使专家知识一次性编码即可跨场景复用。图表示还提供归纳偏置,减少长程推理中的误差累积,凸显结构化流程建模对可靠自动化的重要性。实证表明,PADME在四个多样化基准(包括ALFWorld和ScienceWorld)上达到当前最优性能,证明图结构程序表示是实现鲁棒且泛化能力强执行的强大中间抽象。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Learning to autonomously execute long-horizon procedures from natural language remains a core challenge for intelligent agents. Free-form instructions such as recipes, scientific protocols, or business workflows encode rich procedural knowledge, but their variability and lack of structure cause agents driven by large language models (LLMs) to drift or fail during execution. We introduce Procedure Aware DynaMic Execution (PADME), an agent framework that produces and exploits a graph-based representation of procedures. Unlike prior work that relies on manual graph construction or unstructured reasoning, PADME autonomously transforms procedural text into executable graphs that capture task dependencies, decision points, and reusable subroutines. Central to PADME is a two-phase methodology; Teach phase, which focuses on systematic structuring, enrichment with executable logic of procedures, followed by Execute phase, which enables dynamic execution in response to real-time inputs and environment feedback. This separation ensures quality assurance and scalability, allowing expert knowledge to be encoded once and reliably reused across varying contexts. The graph representation also provides an inductive bias that reduces error accumulation in long-horizon reasoning, underscoring the importance of structured procedure modeling for reliable agent-driven automation. Empirically, PADME achieves state-of-the-art performance on four diverse benchmarks, including ALFWorld and ScienceWorld. These results demonstrate that agents equipped with graph-based procedure representations offer a powerful intermediate abstraction for robust and generalizable execution.

流程自动化图神经网络大模型应用

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