arXiv:2510.11534cs.ROcs.SY2025-10中稿 · ITSC 2025被引 2

针对复杂城市路口的多类型交通交互,提出解耦学习的新模拟方法。

IntersectioNDE: Learning Complex Urban Traffic Dynamics based on Interaction Decoupling Strategy

  • 通过解耦策略分别学习不同交通参与者的行为,再组合成整体动态
  • 在真实城市路口数据集上,模拟稳定性与真实性显著优于基线方法
  • 适合自动驾驶系统在复杂城市场景下的测试与训练

真实交通模拟对保障自动驾驶车辆的安全性与可靠性至关重要,尤其在复杂多样的城市交通环境中。现有数据驱动模拟器面临两大挑战:一是对密集、异构的路口交互建模不足——这类场景在像中国这样的国家尤为普遍,涉及机动车(MVs)、非机动车(NMVs)和行人等多种主体;二是难以稳健学习高密度场景下的高维联合分布,常导致模式崩溃和长期模拟不稳定。为此,我们构建了大规模真实城市路口数据集City Crossings Dataset(CiCross),首次全面捕捉了密集异构多智能体交互,尤其包含大量机动车、非机动车与行人。基于此,提出面向复杂城市路口场景的数据驱动模拟器IntersectioNDE(Intersection Naturalistic Driving Environment)。其核心是交互解耦策略(IDS),通过从子集学习组合式动态,实现从边缘分布到联合分布的模拟。结合场景感知Transformer网络与专用训练技术,IDS显著提升了模拟鲁棒性与长期稳定性。在CiCross上的实验表明,IntersectioNDE在模拟保真度、稳定性及再现复杂分布级城市交通动态方面均优于基线方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Realistic traffic simulation is critical for ensuring the safety and reliability of autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially in complex and diverse urban traffic environments. However, existing data-driven simulators face two key challenges: a limited focus on modeling dense, heterogeneous interactions at urban intersections - which are prevalent, crucial, and practically significant in countries like China, featuring diverse agents including motorized vehicles (MVs), non-motorized vehicles (NMVs), and pedestrians - and the inherent difficulty in robustly learning high-dimensional joint distributions for such high-density scenes, often leading to mode collapse and long-term simulation instability. We introduce City Crossings Dataset (CiCross), a large-scale dataset collected from a real-world urban intersection, uniquely capturing dense, heterogeneous multi-agent interactions, particularly with a substantial proportion of MVs, NMVs and pedestrians. Based on this dataset, we propose IntersectioNDE (Intersection Naturalistic Driving Environment), a data-driven simulator tailored for complex urban intersection scenarios. Its core component is the Interaction Decoupling Strategy (IDS), a training paradigm that learns compositional dynamics from agent subsets, enabling the marginal-to-joint simulation. Integrated into a scene-aware Transformer network with specialized training techniques, IDS significantly enhances simulation robustness and long-term stability for modeling heterogeneous interactions. Experiments on CiCross show that IntersectioNDE outperforms baseline methods in simulation fidelity, stability, and its ability to replicate complex, distribution-level urban traffic dynamics.

交通模拟多智能体解耦学习自动驾驶

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