arXiv:2510.12140cs.LG2025-10NeurIPS被引 5

提出GRACE框架,提升图少样本学习的泛化能力

Graph Few-Shot Learning via Adaptive Spectrum Experts and Cross-Set Distribution Calibration

  • 用自适应谱专家捕捉局部结构差异
  • 通过跨集分布校准缓解数据分布不一致问题
  • 适合处理标签稀疏、结构复杂的图数据

图少样本学习因其能以少量标注节点快速适应新任务而受到关注。尽管现有方法取得显著进展,但仍存在两大局限:一是多数方法依赖预定义的统一图滤波器(如低通或高通)全局增强或抑制节点频域信号,难以适应真实图中局部拓扑结构的异质性;二是通常假设支持集与查询集来自相同分布,但在少样本条件下,支持集有限的标注数据可能无法充分捕捉查询集的复杂分布,导致泛化性能下降。为此,本文提出GRACE框架,融合自适应谱专家与跨集分布校准技术。理论上,该方法通过适应局部结构变化和校准跨集分布,提升模型泛化能力。实验表明,GRACE在多种设置下持续优于当前最优基线。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph few-shot learning has attracted increasing attention due to its ability to rapidly adapt models to new tasks with only limited labeled nodes. Despite the remarkable progress made by existing graph few-shot learning methods, several key limitations remain. First, most current approaches rely on predefined and unified graph filters (e.g., low-pass or high-pass filters) to globally enhance or suppress node frequency signals. Such fixed spectral operations fail to account for the heterogeneity of local topological structures inherent in real-world graphs. Moreover, these methods often assume that the support and query sets are drawn from the same distribution. However, under few-shot conditions, the limited labeled data in the support set may not sufficiently capture the complex distribution of the query set, leading to suboptimal generalization. To address these challenges, we propose GRACE, a novel Graph few-shot leaRning framework that integrates Adaptive spectrum experts with Cross-sEt distribution calibration techniques. Theoretically, the proposed approach enhances model generalization by adapting to both local structural variations and cross-set distribution calibration. Empirically, GRACE consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines across a wide range of experimental settings. Our code can be found here.

图神经网络少样本学习自适应滤波

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