用互惠积分激励共享出行,让城市交通更高效低碳。
Altruistic Ride Sharing: A Framework for Fair and Sustainable Urban Mobility via Peer-to-Peer Incentives
- commuters 轮换当司机和乘客,靠非货币积分激励互助
- 降低20%行程距离、30%交通密度,车辆利用率翻倍
- 适合关注公平出行与可持续交通的研究者
城市通勤面临拥堵、车辆闲置和排放上升的长期挑战。现有网约车平台以盈利为导向,难以使个体行为与社区整体利益一致。本文提出一种去中心化的同行共享框架 Altruistic Ride Sharing (ARS),通过非货币的“利他积分”机制,奖励提供载客服务并抑制长期搭便车行为。为实现大规模协同,将共享出行建模为多智能体强化学习问题,并设计 ORACLE(One-Network Actor-Critic for Learning in Cooperative Environments)——一种共享参数的分布式骑乘选择学习架构。基于纽约市出租车与豪华轿车委员会(TLC)的真实轨迹数据,在不同参与者规模与行为动态下进行仿真评估。结果表明:相较于无共享基线,ARS可减少约20%总行程距离与碳排放,降低高达30%的城市交通密度,车辆利用率提升一倍,同时确保各参与者间参与度均衡。研究证明,基于利他激励与去中心化学习的机制,可为盈利驱动型共享出行系统提供可扩展且公平的替代方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Urban mobility systems face persistent challenges of congestion, underutilized vehicles, and rising emissions driven by private point-to-point commuting. Although ride-sharing platforms exist, their profit-driven incentive structures often fail to align individual participation with broader community benefit. We introduce Altruistic Ride Sharing (ARS), a decentralized peer-to-peer mobility framework in which commuters alternate between driver and rider roles using altruism points, a non-monetary credit mechanism that rewards providing rides and discourages persistent free-riding. To enable scalable coordination among agents, ARS formulates ride-sharing as a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem and introduces ORACLE (One-Network Actor-Critic for Learning in Cooperative Environments), a shared-parameter learning architecture for decentralized rider selection. We evaluate ARS using real-world New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) trajectory data under varying agent populations and behavioral dynamics. Across simulations, ARS reduces total travel distance and associated carbon emissions by approximately 20%, reduces urban traffic density by up to 30%, and doubles vehicle utilization relative to no-sharing baselines while maintaining balanced participation across agents. These results demonstrate that altruism-based incentives combined with decentralized learning can provide a scalable and equitable alternative to profit-driven ride-sharing systems.
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