构建首个法语肿瘤学实体标注语料库，支持精准医学文本分析
FRACCO: A gold-standard annotated corpus of oncological entities with ICD-O-3.1 normalisation
- 基于西班牙语语料人工翻译并专家标注1301份法语临床病例
- 产出71127次ICD-O编码映射，覆盖399种形态码、272种部位码
- 适合法语医疗NLP研究者用于实体识别与术语标准化任务
开发临床文本的自然语言处理工具需要标注数据集，但法语肿瘤学资源仍十分稀缺。我们提出FRACCO（法语临床肿瘤学标注语料库），是一个由专家标注的1301份合成法语临床病例语料库，最初源自西班牙语CANTEMIST语料库，作为FRASIMED计划的一部分。每篇文档均依据国际疾病分类肿瘤学（ICD-O）标准，标注形态学、部位和组织学分化相关术语，并增加一层复合表达归一化标注，将多个ICD-O元素整合为统一临床概念。通过两位领域专家手动标注1301份文本的实体跨度确保标注质量。最终共生成71127次ICD-O归一化结果，涵盖399个唯一形态码（来自2549种不同表达）、272个唯一部位码（来自3143种不同表达）以及2043个唯一复合表达（来自11144种不同表达）。该数据集为法语肿瘤学文本中的命名实体识别与概念归一化提供基准标准。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Developing natural language processing tools for clinical text requires annotated datasets, yet French oncology resources remain scarce. We present FRACCO (FRench Annotated Corpus for Clinical Oncology) an expert-annotated corpus of 1301 synthetic French clinical cases, initially translated from the Spanish CANTEMIST corpus as part of the FRASIMED initiative. Each document is annotated with terms related to morphology, topography, and histologic differentiation, using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) as reference. An additional annotation layer captures composite expression-level normalisations that combine multiple ICD-O elements into unified clinical concepts. Annotation quality was ensured through expert review: 1301 texts were manually annotated for entity spans by two domain experts. A total of 71127 ICD-O normalisations were produced through a combination of automated matching and manual validation by a team of five annotators. The final dataset representing 399 unique morphology codes (from 2549 different expressions), 272 topography codes (from 3143 different expressions), and 2043 unique composite expressions (from 11144 different expressions). This dataset provides a reference standard for named entity recognition and concept normalisation in French oncology texts.
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