arXiv:2510.14855cs.CVcs.LG2025-10被引 1

提出多任务框架,同时量化皮肤病变的ABCDE特征并模拟演化过程。

A Multi-Task Deep Learning Framework for Skin Lesion Classification, ABCDE Feature Quantification, and Evolution Simulation

  • 设计多任务模型,分别量化皮肤病变的对称性、边界、颜色和直径特征。
  • 在HAM10000数据集上分类准确率达89%,黑色素瘤AUC达0.96。
  • 可视化特征在潜在空间中的演化轨迹,帮助医生理解癌变进程。

早期发现黑色素瘤至关重要,可显著提升生存率,但皮肤病变的自动化分析仍具挑战。传统的ABCDE法则(对称性、边界不规则性、颜色多样性、直径、演变)虽被广泛使用,但多数深度学习模型将其视为黑箱,缺乏可解释性。本文提出一种深度学习框架,不仅能将皮肤病变分类,还可量化A、B、C、D四项特征,并通过建模其随时间演变来体现E(演变)特征。特别地,本工作实现了对对称性、边界、颜色和直径的定量评估。此外,该框架在潜在空间中可视化了病变从良性痣向恶性黑色素瘤演化的特征轨迹。实验基于包含约一万张图像的HAM10000数据集进行。结果表明,分类准确率约为89%,黑色素瘤的AUC为0.96;特征预测在对称性、颜色变化和直径方面表现良好,但边界不规则性仍较难建模。整体上,该框架使机器学习诊断与临床标准直接关联,有助于深化对皮肤癌进展的理解。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Early detection of melanoma has grown to be essential because it significantly improves survival rates, but automated analysis of skin lesions still remains challenging. ABCDE, which stands for Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter, and Evolving, is a well-known classification method for skin lesions, but most deep learning mechanisms treat it as a black box, as most of the human interpretable features are not explained. In this work, we propose a deep learning framework that both classifies skin lesions into categories and also quantifies scores for each ABCD feature. It simulates the evolution of these features over time in order to represent the E aspect, opening more windows for future exploration. The A, B, C, and D values are quantified particularly within this work. Moreover, this framework also visualizes ABCD feature trajectories in latent space as skin lesions evolve from benign nevuses to malignant melanoma. The experiments are conducted using the HAM10000 dataset that contains around ten thousand images of skin lesions of varying stages. In summary, the classification worked with an accuracy of around 89 percent, with melanoma AUC being 0.96, while the feature evaluation performed well in predicting asymmetry, color variation, and diameter, though border irregularity remains more difficult to model. Overall, this work provides a deep learning framework that will allow doctors to link ML diagnoses to clinically relevant criteria, thus improving our understanding of skin cancer progression.

皮肤病变多任务学习可解释性黑色素瘤

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