用学习型动态适应算法实现鸡肉肩部自动去骨,提升安全性和成功率。
Towards Automated Chicken Deboning via Learning-based Dynamically-Adaptive 6-DoF Multi-Material Cutting
- 基于力反馈的强化学习策略,动态调整六自由度刀具轨迹。
- 真实实验显示成功率提升4倍,骨肉接触减少,实现零样本跨域迁移。
- 自建仿真与物理测试平台,支持可重复验证多材料切割难点。
自动化鸡肩去骨需在部分遮挡、可变形、多材料关节中进行精确的6-DoF切割,因与骨骼接触存在严重健康与安全风险。本文提出一种可响应的力反馈切割策略,动态调整预设轨迹,实现全6-DoF刀具控制,穿越狭窄关节间隙并避免骨骼接触。首先,构建开源定制化多材料切割仿真器,模拟耦合、断裂和切割力,支持强化学习,实现高效训练与快速原型设计。其次,设计可复用的物理测试平台:两个可调控姿态的刚性“骨”球嵌入软质块中,保持目标问题的核心多材料特性,实现严谨可重复评估。第三,训练并部署残差强化学习策略,采用离散力观测与领域随机化,实现鲁棒的零样本仿-实迁移,并首次展示学习策略成功处理真实鸡肩去骨。仿真、物理平台及真实鸡肉实验均表明,所学策略能可靠穿越关节间隙,显著降低非期望的骨/软骨接触,成功率与骨避让性能相比现有开环基线最高提升4倍。结果还验证了力反馈对安全高效多材料切割的必要性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Automating chicken shoulder deboning requires precise 6-DoF cutting through a partially occluded, deformable, multi-material joint, since contact with the bones presents serious health and safety risks. Our work makes both systems-level and algorithmic contributions to train and deploy a reactive force-feedback cutting policy that dynamically adapts a nominal trajectory and enables full 6-DoF knife control to traverse the narrow joint gap while avoiding contact with the bones. First, we introduce an open-source custom-built simulator for multi-material cutting that models coupling, fracture, and cutting forces, and supports reinforcement learning, enabling efficient training and rapid prototyping. Second, we design a reusable physical testbed to emulate the chicken shoulder: two rigid "bone" spheres with controllable pose embedded in a softer block, enabling rigorous and repeatable evaluation while preserving essential multi-material characteristics of the target problem. Third, we train and deploy a residual RL policy, with discretized force observations and domain randomization, enabling robust zero-shot sim-to-real transfer and the first demonstration of a learned policy that debones a real chicken shoulder. Our experiments in our simulator, on our physical testbed, and on real chicken shoulders show that our learned policy reliably navigates the joint gap and reduces undesired bone/cartilage contact, resulting in up to a 4x improvement over existing open-loop cutting baselines in terms of success rate and bone avoidance. Our results also illustrate the necessity of force feedback for safe and effective multi-material cutting. The project website is at https://hal-zhaodong-yang.github.io/MultiMaterialWebsite/.
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