提出以生成优质行驶方案为核心,而非依赖精准预测的自动驾驶规划新思路。
Perfect Prediction or Plenty of Proposals? What Matters Most in Planning for Autonomous Driving
- 将规划重点从依赖预测转向生成多样且真实的行驶方案
- 在复杂交互场景下,新方法显著优于现有模型,性能突破现有水平
- 适合追求高鲁棒性与真实驾驶行为的自动驾驶系统研发者
传统自动驾驶中的预测与规划通常作为独立模块顺序执行。近年来,集成预测与规划(IPP)成为趋势,旨在提升决策智能性。然而其实际效果尚不明确。本研究基于Val14与interPlan两个基准,分析发现即使拥有完美未来预测,规划表现也未提升,说明当前IPP方法未能有效利用预测信息。相反,我们发现高质量方案生成更为关键,而预测仅用于碰撞检查。实验表明,许多基于模仿学习的规划器生成方案不真实,表现不如简单的车道保持方法PDM。因此,我们在PDM基础上改进方案生成能力,强调生成多样化、真实且高质量的候选路径。该以方案为中心的方法在高交互性和分布外场景中表现卓越,显著超越现有方法,实现新基准突破。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Traditionally, prediction and planning in autonomous driving (AD) have been treated as separate, sequential modules. Recently, there has been a growing shift towards tighter integration of these components, known as Integrated Prediction and Planning (IPP), with the aim of enabling more informed and adaptive decision-making. However, it remains unclear to what extent this integration actually improves planning performance. In this work, we investigate the role of prediction in IPP approaches, drawing on the widely adopted Val14 benchmark, which encompasses more common driving scenarios with relatively low interaction complexity, and the interPlan benchmark, which includes highly interactive and out-of-distribution driving situations. Our analysis reveals that even access to perfect future predictions does not lead to better planning outcomes, indicating that current IPP methods often fail to fully exploit future behavior information. Instead, we focus on high-quality proposal generation, while using predictions primarily for collision checks. We find that many imitation learning-based planners struggle to generate realistic and plausible proposals, performing worse than PDM - a simple lane-following approach. Motivated by this observation, we build on PDM with an enhanced proposal generation method, shifting the emphasis towards producing diverse but realistic and high-quality proposals. This proposal-centric approach significantly outperforms existing methods, especially in out-of-distribution and highly interactive settings, where it sets new state-of-the-art results.
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