arXiv:2510.15882cs.ARcs.AI2025-10被引 1

FlexLink通过整合多种网络连接,提升大模型训练通信效率27%。

FlexLink: Boosting your NVLink Bandwidth by 27% without accuracy concern

  • 将NVLink、PCIe和RDMA网卡协同使用,构建统一通信架构。
  • 在H800服务器上,AllReduce和AllGather带宽分别提升26%和27%。
  • 无需修改代码即可替换NCCL,适合大规模分布式训练场景。

随着大语言模型持续扩展,多节点部署已成为必要。当前节点内通信库(如NCCL)通常仅依赖单一互连(如NVLink),导致性能受限,尤其在H800 GPU上,主互连带宽易成瓶颈,而PCIe和支持RDMA的网卡在高负载下仍处于闲置状态。我们提出FlexLink,首个系统性解决该问题的集体通信框架,通过聚合异构链路——NVLink、PCIe和RDMA NIC——形成高性能通信网络。FlexLink采用两阶段自适应负载均衡策略,动态分配通信流量,避免快链路被慢链路拖累。在8张GPU的H800服务器上,其设计使AllReduce和AllGather等集体操作的带宽分别较NCCL基线提升最高26%和27%。该收益源于将2%-22%的通信流量卸载至此前未充分利用的PCIe和RDMA NIC。FlexLink作为无损、可直接替换NCCL API的方案,支持无缝集成。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale, multi-node deployment has become a necessity. Consequently, communication has become a critical performance bottleneck. Current intra-node communication libraries, like NCCL, typically make use of a single interconnect such as NVLink. This approach creates performance ceilings, especially on hardware like the H800 GPU where the primary interconnect's bandwidth can become a bottleneck, and leaves other hardware resources like PCIe and Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA)-capable Network Interface Cards (NICs) largely idle during intensive workloads. We propose FlexLink, the first collective communication framework to the best of our knowledge designed to systematically address this by aggregating these heterogeneous links-NVLink, PCIe, and RDMA NICs-into a single, high-performance communication fabric. FlexLink employs an effective two-stage adaptive load balancing strategy that dynamically partitions communication traffic across all available links, ensuring that faster interconnects are not throttled by slower ones. On an 8-GPU H800 server, our design improves the bandwidth of collective operators such as AllReduce and AllGather by up to 26% and 27% over the NCCL baseline, respectively. This gain is achieved by offloading 2-22% of the total communication traffic to the previously underutilized PCIe and RDMA NICs. FlexLink provides these improvements as a lossless, drop-in replacement compatible with the NCCL API, ensuring easy adoption.

通信优化NVLink大模型训练异构网络

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