CLARAE可高效去噪并压缩心电图信号,保持波形清晰且便于分类。
CLARAE: Clarity Preserving Reconstruction AutoEncoder for Denoising and Rhythm Classification of Intracardiac Electrograms
- 采用分层池化与混合上采样,保留波形特征并减少失真
- 在29名患者49.5万段心电信号上实现超97%分类准确率
- 适合临床实时心律分析与信号质量评估场景
心腔内心房电图(EGMs)提供高分辨率心脏电生理信息,但常受噪声干扰且维度高,限制实时分析。本文提出一维编码器-解码器模型CLARAE,可在高保真重建的同时生成64维紧凑潜在表示。该模型通过下采样池化、混合插值-卷积上采样路径及有界潜在空间设计,有效保持波形形态、抑制重建伪影并生成可解释嵌入。在29名患者共495,731段心电信号(单极与双极)上测试,覆盖房颤(AF)、SR300和SR600三种心律类型。性能对比六种先进自编码器,涵盖重建指标、心律分类及信噪比-5至15 dB范围内的鲁棒性。下游心律分类中,所有心律类型F1分数均超过0.97,潜在空间按心律呈现清晰聚类。去噪任务中,对单极与双极信号均位列前列。为提升可复现性与可用性,提供交互式网页应用,支持预训练模型探索、重构可视化与实时指标计算。整体上,CLARAE兼具强去噪能力与判别性紧凑表示,为心律识别、信号质量评估与实时标测等临床流程提供实用基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Intracavitary atrial electrograms (EGMs) provide high-resolution insights into cardiac electrophysiology but are often contaminated by noise and remain high-dimensional, limiting real-time analysis. We introduce CLARAE (CLArity-preserving Reconstruction AutoEncoder), a one-dimensional encoder--decoder designed for atrial EGMs, which achieves both high-fidelity reconstruction and a compact 64-dimensional latent representation. CLARAE is designed to preserve waveform morphology, mitigate reconstruction artifacts, and produce interpretable embeddings through three principles: downsampling with pooling, a hybrid interpolation--convolution upsampling path, and a bounded latent space. We evaluated CLARAE on 495,731 EGM segments (unipolar and bipolar) from 29 patients across three rhythm types (AF, SR300, SR600). Performance was benchmarked against six state-of-the-art autoencoders using reconstruction metrics, rhythm classification, and robustness across signal-to-noise ratios from -5 to 15 dB. In downstream rhythm classification, CLARAE achieved F1-scores above 0.97 for all rhythm types, and its latent space showed clear clustering by rhythm. In denoising tasks, it consistently ranked among the top performers for both unipolar and bipolar signals. In order to promote reproducibility and enhance accessibility, we offer an interactive web-based application. This platform enables users to explore pre-trained CLARAE models, visualize the reconstructions, and compute metrics in real time. Overall, CLARAE combines robust denoising with compact, discriminative representations, offering a practical foundation for clinical workflows such as rhythm discrimination, signal quality assessment, and real-time mapping.
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