针对无人机多目标追踪难题,提出动态轨迹建模与不确定性关联方法。
DMTrack: Deformable State-Space Modeling for UAV Multi-Object Tracking with Kalman Fusion and Uncertainty-Aware Association
- 用可变形状态空间模型动态聚合历史运动信息
- 融合卡尔曼滤波与Mamba预测,提升高速非线性运动追踪精度
- 无需外观模型,适合实时无人机追踪场景
无人机多目标跟踪因目标运动不可预测、遮挡频繁及空中视角下外观线索有限而面临挑战,尤其在无人机剧烈移动时更易导致轨迹估计不准和身份混淆。传统运动模型如卡尔曼滤波或静态序列编码器难以应对复杂动态。为此,我们提出专为无人机设计的DMTrack框架,包含三个核心组件:DeformMamba——可变形状态空间预测器,动态聚合历史运动状态实现自适应轨迹建模;MotionGate——轻量级门控模块,根据运动上下文与不确定性融合卡尔曼与Mamba预测;以及不确定性感知关联策略,通过匹配运动趋势与预测置信度提升身份保持能力。在VisDrone-MOT和UAVDT基准上的大量实验表明,该方法在身份一致性与跟踪精度上达到当前最优,尤其在高速与非线性运动条件下表现突出。方法不依赖外观模型且保持高效,具备实际部署潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-object tracking (MOT) from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents unique challenges due to unpredictable object motion, frequent occlusions, and limited appearance cues inherent to aerial viewpoints. These issues are further exacerbated by abrupt UAV movements, leading to unreliable trajectory estimation and identity switches. Conventional motion models, such as Kalman filters or static sequence encoders, often fall short in capturing both linear and non-linear dynamics under such conditions. To tackle these limitations, we propose DMTrack, a deformable motion tracking framework tailored for UAV-based MOT. Our DMTrack introduces three key components: DeformMamba, a deformable state-space predictor that dynamically aggregates historical motion states for adaptive trajectory modeling; MotionGate, a lightweight gating module that fuses Kalman and Mamba predictions based on motion context and uncertainty; and an uncertainty-aware association strategy that enhances identity preservation by aligning motion trends with prediction confidence. Extensive experiments on the VisDrone-MOT and UAVDT benchmarks demonstrate that our DMTrack achieves state-of-the-art performance in identity consistency and tracking accuracy, particularly under high-speed and non-linear motion. Importantly, our method operates without appearance models and maintains competitive efficiency, highlighting its practicality for robust UAV-based tracking.
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