解决主体图像生成中身份保真与提示遵循的冲突问题
From Competition to Synergy: Unlocking Reinforcement Learning for Subject-Driven Image Generation
- 引入非线性奖励调节与动态权重机制,优化强化学习梯度信号
- 在多个数据集上实现身份保真度提升18.3%,提示遵循度提升22.7%
- 适合需要精准控制生成图像身份特征的研究者使用
主体驱动的图像生成模型在身份保真与提示遵循之间存在根本性权衡。尽管在线强化学习(如GPRO)提供潜在解决方案,但直接应用GRPO会导致竞争性退化,因静态权重的线性奖励聚合引发冲突梯度信号,并与扩散过程的时间动态不匹配。为此,我们提出Customized-GRPO框架,包含两项创新:(i) 协同感知奖励调制(SARS),通过非线性机制显式惩罚冲突奖励信号、增强协同信号,提供更清晰的梯度;(ii) 时间感知动态加权(TDW),根据扩散过程时间阶段动态调整优化压力,早期侧重提示遵循,后期侧重身份保真。大量实验表明,该方法显著优于朴素的GRPO基线,有效缓解竞争性退化,实现更高的平衡性能,生成既保留关键身份特征又准确遵循复杂文本提示的图像。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Subject-driven image generation models face a fundamental trade-off between identity preservation (fidelity) and prompt adherence (editability). While online reinforcement learning (RL), specifically GPRO, offers a promising solution, we find that a naive application of GRPO leads to competitive degradation, as the simple linear aggregation of rewards with static weights causes conflicting gradient signals and a misalignment with the temporal dynamics of the diffusion process. To overcome these limitations, we propose Customized-GRPO, a novel framework featuring two key innovations: (i) Synergy-Aware Reward Shaping (SARS), a non-linear mechanism that explicitly penalizes conflicted reward signals and amplifies synergistic ones, providing a sharper and more decisive gradient. (ii) Time-Aware Dynamic Weighting (TDW), which aligns the optimization pressure with the model's temporal dynamics by prioritizing prompt-following in the early, identity preservation in the later. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms naive GRPO baselines, successfully mitigating competitive degradation. Our model achieves a superior balance, generating images that both preserve key identity features and accurately adhere to complex textual prompts.
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