九成报纸文章含AI生成内容，透明度极低
AI use in American newspapers is widespread, uneven, and rarely disclosed
- 通过检测18.6万篇新闻，发现9%为部分或全部AI生成
- 评论文章中AI使用率是新闻的6.4倍，且多出自名人之手
- 小报、天气与科技类报道更常使用AI，但极少公开说明
人工智能正快速改变新闻业，但其在发表文章中的实际应用程度仍不明确。我们通过审计2025年夏季发布的1500家美国报纸在线版的18.6万篇文章，使用Pangram这一前沿AI检测工具，发现约9%的新发布文章存在部分或完全的AI生成内容。该使用情况分布不均：在小型地方媒体中更常见，集中在天气、科技等特定主题，并与特定出版集团相关。我们还分析了《华盛顿邮报》《纽约时报》和《华尔街日报》的4.5万篇评论文章，发现其AI内容出现概率是新闻文章的6.4倍，且许多被标记为AI生成的评论由知名公众人物撰写。尽管如此，我们发现AI使用极少披露：对100篇被标记为AI生成的文章进行人工核查，仅发现五次声明。整体表明，亟需提升透明度并更新编辑标准，以维护公众信任。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI is rapidly transforming journalism, but the extent of its use in published newspaper articles remains unclear. We address this gap by auditing a large-scale dataset of 186K articles from online editions of 1.5K American newspapers published in the summer of 2025. Using Pangram, a state-of-the-art AI detector, we discover that approximately 9% of newly-published articles are either partially or fully AI-generated. This AI use is unevenly distributed, appearing more frequently in smaller, local outlets, in specific topics such as weather and technology, and within certain ownership groups. We also analyze 45K opinion pieces from Washington Post, New York Times, and Wall Street Journal, finding that they are 6.4 times more likely to contain AI-generated content than news articles from the same publications, with many AI-flagged op-eds authored by prominent public figures. Despite this prevalence, we find that AI use is rarely disclosed: a manual audit of 100 AI-flagged articles found only five disclosures of AI use. Overall, our audit highlights the immediate need for greater transparency and updated editorial standards regarding the use of AI in journalism to maintain public trust.
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