用生成模型先预测图像,再加速MRI扫描,提升重建质量。
Predicting before Reconstruction: A generative prior framework for MRI acceleration
- 先用生成模型预测目标图像作为先验,指导欠采样数据重建。
- 在14,921个扫描、105万张图像上,加速4-12倍仍保持高精度。
- 适合需要快速MRI成像的临床研究和多对比序列重建场景。
人工智能在图像生成方面的进展为医学影像创新提供了强大动力。本文提出一种新型MRI加速范式,从传统重建转向主动预测成像。针对MRI扫描时间长限制临床效率的问题,本框架首先利用生成模型基于多种数据源(如其他对比图像、既往扫描、患者信息、采集参数)预测目标对比图像,作为数据驱动的先验信息,用于重建高度欠采样的k空间数据。我们在两个关键任务中验证该方法:(1) 利用T1w和/或T2w扫描预测并重建FLAIR图像;(2) 利用先前获取的T1w扫描预测并重建新T1w图像。实验在内部及多个公开数据集(共14,921个扫描,1,051,904张切片)上进行,涵盖多通道k空间数据,评估了x4、x8、x12等高加速因子下的性能。结果表明,该预测-先验重建方法显著优于其他含或不含先验的方法。本工作推动了从图像重建向预测成像的根本性范式转变。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have created transformative capabilities in image synthesis and generation, enabling diverse research fields to innovate at revolutionary speed and spectrum. In this study, we leverage this generative power to introduce a new paradigm for accelerating Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), introducing a shift from image reconstruction to proactive predictive imaging. Despite being a cornerstone of modern patient care, MRI's lengthy acquisition times limit clinical throughput. Our novel framework addresses this challenge by first predicting a target contrast image, which then serves as a data-driven prior for reconstructing highly under-sampled data. This informative prior is predicted by a generative model conditioned on diverse data sources, such as other contrast images, previously scanned images, acquisition parameters, patient information. We demonstrate this approach with two key applications: (1) reconstructing FLAIR images using predictions from T1w and/or T2w scans, and (2) reconstructing T1w images using predictions from previously acquired T1w scans. The framework was evaluated on internal and multiple public datasets (total 14,921 scans; 1,051,904 slices), including multi-channel k-space data, for a range of high acceleration factors (x4, x8 and x12). The results demonstrate that our prediction-prior reconstruction method significantly outperforms other approaches, including those with alternative or no prior information. Through this framework we introduce a fundamental shift from image reconstruction towards a new paradigm of predictive imaging.
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