arXiv:2510.19832eess.SPcs.LG2025-10被引 2

用脑电波实时识别手写字符,可在手机大小设备上低延迟运行。

Low-Latency Neural Inference on an Edge Device for Real-Time Handwriting Recognition from EEG Signals

  • 提取85个脑电信号特征,用混合网络模型解码想象书写意图。
  • 在边缘设备上实现89.83%准确率,单字识别延迟仅914毫秒。
  • 精选10个关键特征可提速4.5倍,适合便携式脑机接口应用。

脑机接口(BCIs)为严重运动或言语障碍者恢复沟通提供了可能。想象书写是一种直观的逐字符神经解码范式,连接人类意图与数字通信。尽管侵入式皮层脑电图(ECoG)精度高,但手术风险限制了其广泛应用。非侵入式脑电图(EEG)更安全且可扩展,但信噪比低、空间分辨率差,制约解码精度。本研究证明,结合先进机器学习与有意义的EEG特征提取,可在便携边缘设备上实现高精度、低延迟的实时神经解码。从15名参与者采集32通道EEG数据,进行带通滤波与伪影子空间重构预处理,提取85个时域、频域及图域特征。采用融合时序卷积网络与多层感知机的EEdGeNet模型,在NVIDIA Jetson TX2上实现每字914.18毫秒延迟,准确率达89.83%。仅保留10个关键特征可将延迟降至202.6毫秒,准确率损失低于1%。该成果为实现高精度、低延迟、全便携的非侵入式BCI提供了可行路径,支持实时通信。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a pathway to restore communication for individuals with severe motor or speech impairments. Imagined handwriting provides an intuitive paradigm for character-level neural decoding, bridging the gap between human intention and digital communication. While invasive approaches such as electrocorticography (ECoG) achieve high accuracy, their surgical risks limit widespread adoption. Non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) offers safer and more scalable alternatives but suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution, constraining its decoding precision. This work demonstrates that advanced machine learning combined with informative EEG feature extraction can overcome these barriers, enabling real-time, high-accuracy neural decoding on portable edge devices. A 32-channel EEG dataset was collected from fifteen participants performing imagined handwriting. Signals were preprocessed with bandpass filtering and artifact subspace reconstruction, followed by extraction of 85 time-, frequency-, and graphical-domain features. A hybrid architecture, EEdGeNet, integrates a Temporal Convolutional Network with a multilayer perceptron trained on the extracted features. When deployed on an NVIDIA Jetson TX2, the system achieved 89.83 percent accuracy with 914.18 ms per-character latency. Selecting only ten key features reduced latency by 4.5 times to 202.6 ms with less than 1 percent loss in accuracy. These results establish a pathway for accurate, low-latency, and fully portable non-invasive BCIs supporting real-time communication.

脑机接口手写识别边缘计算EEG

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