设计可旋转打印床,用最少相机实现打印过程三维重建。
Design of a Bed Rotation Mechanism to Facilitate In-Situ Photogrammetric Reconstruction of Printed Parts
- 通过旋转加热床配合多视角摄影测量,实现全程几何记录。
- 支持温度、位置闭环控制,提升实验可重复性与精度。
- 适合研究3D打印缺陷与工艺参数关联的科研人员使用。
增材制造(3D打印)是一种通过逐层堆积材料构建自由形状物体的复杂过程,其中熔融沉积成型(FDM)是广泛应用的方法。尽管消费级FDM打印机价格低廉且普及率高,但其通常为闭源平台,缺乏科研所需的可调控性和监测功能。商业级设备虽性能更优,却同样闭源且难以修改。为此,作者设计并制造了一款用于聚合物FDM工艺研究的测试平台,旨在精确控制与监测打印参数,确保实验可重复性。该平台具备闭环位置反馈、热端与打印床温控功能,并能实时监测环境温湿度。此外,平台配备摄像头与可旋转加热床,支持在打印过程中进行原位摄影测量,生成完整几何记录,从而实现工艺参数与可见几何缺陷的追溯与关联分析。本文重点介绍了一种新型旋转床机构的设计,使仅用少量相机即可完成打印件的三维重建。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, is a complex process that creates free-form geometric objects by sequentially placing material to construct an object, usually in a layer-by-layer process. One of the most widely used methods is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). FDM is used in many of the consumer-grade polymer 3D printers available today. While consumer grade machines are cheap and plentiful, they lack many of the features desired in a machine used for research purposes and are often closed-source platforms. Commercial-grade models are more expensive and are also usually closed-source platforms that do not offer flexibility for modifications often needed for research. The authors designed and fabricated a machine to be used as a test bed for research in the field of polymer FDM processes. The goal was to create a platform that tightly controls and/or monitors the FDM build parameters so that experiments can be repeated with a known accuracy. The platform offers closed loop position feedback, control of the hot end and bed temperature, and monitoring of environment temperature and humidity. Additionally, the platform is equipped with cameras and a mechanism for in-situ photogrammetry, creating a geometric record of the printing throughout the printing process. Through photogrammetry, backtracking and linking process parameters to observable geometric defects can be achieved. This paper focuses on the design of a novel mechanism for spinning the heated bed to allow for photogrammetric reconstruction of the printed part using a minimal number of cameras, as implemented on this platform.
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