arXiv:2510.21238eess.SYcs.AI2025-10被引 1

用物理先验构建MIMO波束图与环境地图,提升6G无线感知精度。

Physics-Informed Neural Networks for MIMO Beam Map and Environment Reconstruction

  • 基于反射区几何模型,融合物理规律学习波束与环境特征。
  • 在无3D环境信息下实现波束图重建,准确率提升32%-48%。
  • 适合6G无线环境建模、智能反射面系统设计的研究者。

随着通信网络向更复杂形态演进(如6G及以上),对无线环境的深度理解愈发关键。当缺乏显式环境信息时,从信道状态信息(CSI)中提取几何感知特征成为连接物理层测量与网络智能的核心方法。本文提出一种无需依赖3D环境知识的接收信号强度(RSS)数据联合建模方法,用于构建多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的射频波束图与环境几何结构。不同于仅学习遮挡结构的现有方法,本文提出一种定向虚拟障碍物模型,可同时捕捉遮挡与反射的几何特性。通过定义反射区以根据环境几何关系识别有效反射路径,并推导其解析表达式,进一步分析其几何特性,使其更适配深度学习表示。提出一种融合反射区几何模型的物理信息深度学习框架,联合学习遮挡、反射、散射分量及波束图,利用物理先验增强模型迁移能力。数值实验表明,该方法不仅能重建遮挡与反射几何结构,还能显著提升波束图准确性,在测试中实现32%-48%的性能增益。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As communication networks evolve towards greater complexity (e.g., 6G and beyond), a deep understanding of the wireless environment becomes increasingly crucial. When explicit knowledge of the environment is unavailable, geometry-aware feature extraction from channel state information (CSI) emerges as a pivotal methodology to bridge physical-layer measurements with network intelligence. This paper proposes to explore the received signal strength (RSS) data, without explicit 3D environment knowledge, to jointly construct the radio beam map and environmental geometry for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Unlike existing methods that only learn blockage structures, we propose an oriented virtual obstacle model that captures the geometric features of both blockage and reflection. Reflective zones are formulated to identify relevant reflected paths according to the geometry relation of the environment. We derive an analytical expression for the reflective zone and further analyze its geometric characteristics to develop a reformulation that is more compatible with deep learning representations. A physics-informed deep learning framework that incorporates the reflective-zone-based geometry model is proposed to learn the blockage, reflection, and scattering components, along with the beam pattern, which leverages physics prior knowledge to enhance network transferability. Numerical experiments demonstrate that, in addition to reconstructing the blockage and reflection geometry, the proposed model can construct a more accurate MIMO beam map with a 32%-48% accuracy improvement.

MIMO6G物理信息神经网络环境重建

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